呼吸道疾病就诊量有何变化?症状自愈还要打疫苗吗?

2023-12-13 20:10:45来源:网络

  冬季来临,各类呼吸道疾病进入高发期。国家卫生健康委10日召开新闻发布会,邀请民政部、国家疾控局相关负责人以及疾控专家、部分医疗机构负责人,就冬季呼吸道疾病从诊疗、防控等方面解答疑问、回应关切。

  国家卫生健康委新闻发言人、宣传司副司长米锋10日表示,目前,全国二级以上医疗机构儿童呼吸道疾病诊疗量整体呈现波动下降趋势,部分大型儿童专科医院和综合医院儿科诊疗量增加的情况得到一定缓解。

  在国家卫生健康委当天举办的新闻发布会上,米锋说,从发热门诊、急诊整体情况来看,近段时间全国呼吸道疾病就诊量相对平稳,特别是基层医疗机构分流了部分患者。全国整体正常医疗服务没有受到影响。

  China has recorded a fluctuating decrease in the overall diagnosis and treatment volume of pediatric respiratory diseases at its secondary and higher-level medical institutions nationwide, the Chinese health authority said Sunday.

  The previously increased caseload at some large children's specialty hospitals and general hospitals has recently shown a degree of decline, said Mi Feng, a spokesperson for the National Health Commission, at a press conference.

  The spokesperson said outpatient numbers for respiratory diseases at fever clinics and emergency departments have remained relatively stable. As some patients have been redirected to primary healthcare institutions, the overall regular medical services across the country have not been impacted, he added.

  积极、主动、尽早接种流感疫苗

  “接种流感疫苗是预防流感发病、减少流感相关重症和死亡的有效手段。”国家疾控局卫生免疫司司长夏刚呼吁,积极、主动、尽早地接种疫苗既是保护自己,也是保护身边的人。据了解,从今年7月开始,各地接种单位已陆续启动流感疫苗接种服务,早于流感流行季。今年流感疫苗生产供应量比去年有了明显增加,现阶段可以满足群众接种需求。

  Xia Gang, an official at the National Administration of Disease Prevention and Control, said some local governments had initiated flu vaccination services as early as July, ahead of the peak flu season.

  如果已经出现流感样的症状,在没有确诊自行痊愈的情况下,是否应继续接种流感疫苗?对此,夏刚表示建议继续接种流感疫苗。因为呼吸道感染的症状不具备特异性,多种病原感染可能都会出现发热、头痛等流感样的症状。同时,流感病毒有多个型别和亚型可以引起流行。流感疫苗覆盖了多种不同型别和亚型的多价疫苗。此外,在同一个流行季,通常是由不同的型别和亚型共同流行的。

  国家疾控局将继续指导各地做好流感等疫苗接种需求评估,优化疫苗的合理分配,并会同有关部门加强疫苗供需衔接,确保流感疫苗供应不断链;通过做好预约登记、开展分时接种、延长接种周期等方式,为群众提供及时、便民、优质的流感疫苗接种服务。

  Xia also advocated that those who once suffered influenza symptoms but recovered on their own without diagnosis or medical treatment should still get vaccinated, since there exist multiple influenza variants and vaccines can prove effective when people contract other types or variants of influenza, especially among the elderly.

  关于疫苗的安全性,夏刚表示:“流感疫苗在全球还有咱们国家都已经使用了数十年,长期的接种实践提示它是一种相对成熟的疫苗,而且具有良好的安全性。”

  做好重点人群和机构防治工作

  中国疾控中心传染病管理处呼吸道传染病室主任彭质斌提示,学校和托幼机构要加强环境清洁,定期开窗通风;加强健康监测,建议学生、教职员工不带病上岗上课;做好交通工具内部的清洁消毒,定期通风换气;建议佩戴口罩,做自己健康的第一责任人。

  针对婴幼儿和老年人等重点人群,彭质斌强调要尽早开展疫苗接种,尽量避免前往人员密集、相对密闭的场所,如必须前往,建议佩戴好口罩。此外,要加强日常健康监测,如出现发热、咳嗽等呼吸道感染症状,应尽早就医。

  Peng Zhibin, an official from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said flu vaccination campaigns should also be stepped up among students and staff members on campuses.

  "Students, teachers and other staff members should not continue going to class after falling sick, so as to prevent them from infecting others," she added. Peng also suggested that members of the public should wear masks when taking public transport.


本文关键字: 新概念英语

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