知否歌词烫嘴,中文莫非是外语的压缩包?

2024-09-24 10:17:00来源:网络

  最近,《知否知否》的多语种翻唱挑战火爆全网,温柔舒缓的曲子在翻译成外语后变得火急火燎,网友们纷纷模仿。

  《知否知否》参照了李清照的词,原文如下:

  《如梦令·昨夜雨疏风骤》宋 李清照昨夜雨疏风骤,浓睡不消残酒。试问卷帘人,却道海棠依旧。知否,知否?应是绿肥红瘦。

  从网传翻译歌词的对比来看,翻译版本明显比中文版本长了很多,歌手唱起来更加“烫嘴”。

  据《国家人文历史》杂志社官方公众号解释,汉语语法学纷繁多歧,因为中文的根本特点在于它以简易质朴的单位为基点,可以在不同的语言环境中做灵活多变的运作与发挥。而中文的多样性和灵活性也赋予了汉语更为高效的表达效率,用最少的字眼,能表达最多的含义。

  时代周刊(Times)的一篇研究则显示,“在音节的平均信息密度和音节传输速度之间存在一种权衡,”研究人员写道,“对于给定量的语义信息,信息密度较高的语言会使用比信息密度较低的语言更少的语音片段。” 你的耳朵没有骗你:西班牙人说话确实更快,而中国人说话确实更慢,但他们讲同样内容所需的时间是一样的。

  “A tradeoff is operating between a syllable-based average information density and the rate of transmission of syllables,” the researchers wrote. “A dense language will make use of fewer speech chunks than a sparser language for a given amount of semantic information.” In other words, your ears aren’t deceiving you: Spaniards really do sprint and Chinese really do stroll, but they will tell you the same story in the same span of time.

  不同的语言需要说话者提供多少细节信息,才能将一句话表达清楚,差异明显。但其实,英文时态变化,比起其他欧洲语言已经单纯得多。若是西班牙语,一个动词就会变出“条件式现在时”虚拟式未完成/完成时”等十余种时态。中文名词不分单复与阴阳,动词也没有时态,不知省了多少麻烦。以一句话为例:“The father said ‘Come here!’”。

  Languages are strikingly different in the level of detail they require a speaker to provide in order to put a sentence together. In English, here is an example, “The father said ‘Come here!’” .

  这句话用中文说“父亲说‘过来这里’”,这里没有标记父亲的性别,“说”这个词的形式也没有表明说话者是我、你还是他。“这里”可以指“就在这里”或“到这儿来”,就像在英语中一样。但普通话更加简练。没有像“the”这样的冠词。“说”这个词不仅没有表示人称的后缀,也没有表示时态的标记;它只是意味着“说”。人们认为上下文会表明这个事件发生在过去。学习普通话的很大一部分内容涉及了解在可接受的句子中可以省略多少内容。

  Other languages occupy still other places on the linguistic axis of “busyness,” from prolix to laconic, and it’s surprising what a language can do without. In Mandarin Chinese, a way of saying “The father said ‘Come here!’” is “Fùqīn shuō ‘Guò lái zhè lǐ!’” Just as in English, there is no marker for the father’s gender, nor does the form of the word shuō for “said” indicate whether the speaker is me, you, or him.

  The word for “here,” zhè lǐ, can mean either “right here” or “to here,” just like in English. But Mandarin is even more telegraphic. There is no definite article like “the.” The word for “said” lacks not only a suffix for person, but is also not marked for tense; it just means “say.” It is assumed that context will indicate that this event happened in the past. Much of learning Mandarin involves getting a sense of how much one cannot say in an acceptable sentence.

  诗歌翻译的难点之一就是将对仗工整中文翻译完整后还能保持韵律,在诗词英译时,我们也不难发现英文所用的字词会比中文更多一些。比如下文,“薄雾浓云”,在翻译成名词“thin mist” “thick cloud”之后,还需要补充连词“and”以及“Veiled in”使其成为非谓语,让英文在行文上语法正确。

  醉花阴

  李清照

  薄雾浓云愁永昼,瑞脑销金兽。

  佳节又重阳,玉枕纱厨,半夜凉初透。

  东篱把酒黄昏后,有暗香盈袖。

  莫道不销魂,帘卷西风,人比黄花瘦。

  Tipsy in the Flowers' Shade

  Li Qingzhao

  Veiled in thin mist and thick cloud, how sad the long day!

  Incense from golden censer melts away.

  The Double Ninth comes again;

  Alone I still remain

  In silken bed curtain, on pillow smooth like jade.

  Feeling the midnight chill invade.

  At dusk I drink before chrysanthemums in bloom,

  My sleeves filled with fragrance and gloom.

  Say not my soul

  Is not consumed. Should the west wind uproll

  The curtain of my bower,

  You'll see a face thinner than yellow flower.

  许渊冲译

  优秀的翻译能给外国语言第二次生命措辞简洁句式灵活声调铿锵这正是中文的文化底蕴之美所在

  自古以来,中文表达都追求着一种温柔敦厚、和谐平易之美,这种“辞达而已矣”的美学旨趣自先秦时代就已形成。清末启蒙思想家严复曾提出“译事三难”,即信、达、雅。“雅”是翻译的理想境界,而中文翻译对雅的要求并不止步于文采斐然这一层面,更追求翻译的意境与内涵之美。

  烫嘴的歌词变长的诗歌引经据典的译文无不体现着中文之美或简洁或诗意总有一句中文惊艳你

本文关键字: 新概念英语

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