新概念英语第一册语法:关系代词

2024-06-27 08:10:00来源:网络

  新概念英语第一册语法:关系代词已发布,欢迎大家查看。新概念第一册内容主要针对的是基础比较薄弱的同学,为了方便同学们可以更好地巩固英语基础,小编还整理了新概念英语第一册课文新概念英语第一册音频新概念英语第一册电子书相关内容,便于同学们一起学习!

  一、定义

  所谓关系代词,就是指用于引导定语从句的代词。我们之所以把这类代词叫做关系代词,是因为它们具有关联作用,能把所引导的从句与从句所修饰的词语(即先行词)联系起来。

  英语中常用的关系代词有which、that、who、whom、whose。根据这些代词在句中的句法功能,可以把它们分为主格、宾格和所有格三类,即

  主格which、that、who

  宾格which、that、who、whom

  所有格whose

  二、用法例解

  (一)which

  which引导定语从句时,在从句中既可以作主语,也可以做宾语。如

  Yesterday I lost the book which my English teacher had given me as a

  birthday gift. (作宾语)

  Yesterday I lost the book which had been given to me by my English teacher

  as a birthday gift. (作主语)

  【注意】

  1、当which在从句中作宾语时,可以省略。如

  Yesterday I lost the book my English teacher had given me as a birthday

  gift.2、which也可以用来连接非限定性定语从句。如

  Yesterday I left Alice Springs, which is a small town in the center of

  Australia.3、which可以与介词一起使用,在从句中作状语,相当于一个关系副词。如

  Yesterday I left Alice Springs, in which there is a big desert park.句中的in

  which就相当于关系副词where,可以用where来替换。

  (二)that

  that引导定语从句时,在从句中既可以作主语,也可以作宾语。如

  This is the dictionary that has helped me a lot in my English study.

  (作主语)

  This is the dictionary that you are looking for. (作宾语)【注意】

  1、当that在从句中作主语时,经常可以用which来替换。如

  This is the dictionary which has helped me a lot in my English

  study.但也有很多情况只能用that,之后我会在专门分享定语从句的时候再跟大家详细梳理。

  2、当that在从句中作宾语时,也可以用which来替换,而且经常会省略。如

  This is the dictionary you are looking

  for.不过,跟that作主语的情况一样,也有很多情况下,关系代词只能that,不能用which的下次再作详细分享。

  3、that不能引导非限定性定语从句。如

  错误This is the dictionary, that cost me five dollars.句中的that要改为which。

  (三)who

  who引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语。如

  He is the man who called me four times yesterday.【注意】

  1、who有时也会在从句中作宾语,相当于whom。如

  He is the man who you talked about yesterday.句中的who其实是作about的宾语,可以省略。

  但是,如果在介词后面,则必须用whom。我们之后再分享定语从句的内容时,会再详细讲解,在此不做赘述。

  2、who也能用来引导非限定性定语从句。如

  His brother, who is a teacher, is always kind to others.

  (四)whom

  whom是who的宾格形式,在定语从句中只能作宾语。如

  She is the woman whom I served just now.

  句中的whom因为是作宾语的,所以可以省略。

  【注意】

  1、如果whom紧跟在介词后面,则不能省略。如

  She is the woman to whom I talked just now.2、whom也可以用来引导非限定性定语从句。如

  The doctor, whom you admire, will visit our hospital tomorrow.

  (五)whose

  因为whose是所有格形式,表示所属关系,所以在实际使用中,whose后面会紧跟一个名词,才能引导定语从句。如

  She lives in a room whose window opens to the north.【注意】

  “whose+名词”也可以引导非限定性定语从句。如

  The driver, whose back was badly injured, was sent to the hospital nearby

  at once.

  三、常见关系代词

  表转折

  however

  while

  even if / though

  in spite of

  regardless of

  以上就是为大家整理的“新概念英语第一册语法:关系代词”,希望可以帮助大家更好地学习新概念英语第一册内容,更多内容敬请关注!


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