新概念英语第一册语法主语从句

2021-03-22 16:54:00来源:网络

  新东方在线新概念小编为大家带来新概念英语第一册语法主语从句一文,希望对大家的新概念英语学习有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线新概念英语学习网(http://nce.koolearn.com )!

  【篇一】名词性从句

  在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词性从句的功能相当于

  名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在

  句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从

  句。

  分类

  引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:

  连词(5个):that (本身无意义。引导单一的宾语从句时that常可省略,但引导主语从

  句、表语从句、同位语从句时that通常不被省略)

  whether,if (均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性)

  as if ,as though (均表示“好像”,“似乎”)

  以上在从句中均不充当任何成分

  连接代词(10个):what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever,

  whose,whosever, which, whichever

  连接副词(7个):when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however

  不可省略的连词:

  1. 介词后的连词。

  2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。

  That she was chosen made us very happy.

  We heard the news that our team had won.

  3. 在从句中做成分的连词.

  比较

  whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。 但在下列情况下,只可用whether:

  1. whether引导主语从句并在句首。

  eg:Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.

  2. 引导表语从句。

  eg:The question is whether we can get in touch with her.

  3. whether从句作介词宾语。

  eg:I am thinking about whether I should quit my present job.

  4.if与whether都可以与or not 连用,但后面紧跟or not 时只能用whether。

  We didn't know whether or not she was ready.(此时只能用whether)

  I wonder whether/if the news is true or not.(此时则二者都可以用)

  5.后面直接跟动词不定式时。

  6.引导同位语从句时。

  【篇二】语法:宾语从句

  一、重要语法:宾语从句

  1、宾语从句

  本课侧重的是由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的用法,主要的疑问词有

  if/whether/how/why/what/when/where等。如:

  I don't know when I'll finish.

  My wife wants to know if Mary needs any help.

  I don't know what you're talking about.

  二、课文主要语言点

  Is that you, John? Yes, speaking. 注意打电话时的习惯用语。如果电话接通后,要

  找某人接电话,一般可以说:May I speak to sb.? 也可以像课文里这样直接询问对方是否

  就是你要找的人:Is that you, sb.? 如果接电话的人正是对方要找的人,则可回答:This

  is sb. speaking.或者简单回答:Speaking。原文中的speaking就是简短回答,其完整形式

  为:This is John speaking.

  Tell Mary we'll be late for dinner this evening. 1)tell sb. sth.,tell为双宾

  动词,可以改为:tell sth. to sb.。但是,当直接引语为句子时,只能用tell sb. sth.(

  从句)的结构 2)be late for,迟到。

  I'm afraid I don't understand. I'm afraid后接宾语从句,省略了连接词that。这

  是形容词后接宾语从句的用法,that一般都会省略。如:I'm sure he will come here on

  time tomorrow. 需要注意的是,当I'm afraid要翻译成中文时,不要译为“我恐怕”,而

  要译为“恐怕”,这样比较符合中文的表达习惯。

  Hasn't Mary told you? She invited Charlotte

  and me to dinner this evening.

  1)Hasn't...?,反问句,一般不需要回答。 2)invite sb. to sth.,邀请某人到某场

  合(如吃饭或聚会)。需要注意的是,如果邀请后面接的是动作,则采用:invite sb. to do

  sth.。可拓展invite的名词invitation。

  I said I would be at your house at six o'clock,

  but the boss wants me to do some extra work.

  1)I said I would...,可复习一下间接引语的用法。 2)be at,到达,相当于arrive

  at。 3)do extra work,加班。

  I'll have to stay at the office.

  I don't know when I'll finish.

  1)will have to,必须。 2)when引导的是宾语从句,注意从句的语序要采用陈述句语

  序。

  Oh, and by the way, my wife wants to know

  if Mary needs any help.

  1)by the way,顺便说一声。 2)if引导的是宾语从句。与其他疑问词不一样的是,当

  if或whether用来连接宾语从句时,其直接引语原句是一般疑问句,而不是特殊疑问句。比

  如,课文里的这句话的直接引语应该是:Does Mary need any help? 3)need在此用作实义

  动词,直接后接名词。可以复习一下need作为情态动词和实义动词的用法及其区别。

  I don't know what you're talking about. what引导的是宾语从句,在从句中充当

  about的宾语。

  That is John Smith, isn't it? Yes, I'm John Smith. 注意打电话时,指代对方时

  多用that is来指代you are。

  You are John Smith, the engineer, aren't you?

  That's right.

  注意the engineer用作John Smith的同位语,而且用逗号隔开,起到强调作用,强调的

  是身为工程师的那个John Smith。

  You work for the Overseas Engineering Company, don't you? No, I don't.

  1)work for,在哪儿工作、为谁工作。 2)overseas,海外。注意别漏了s。

  I'm John Smith the telephone engineer

  and I'm repairing your telephone line.

  the telephone engineer用作John Smith的同位语。用逗号隔开,朗读时重读,以起到

  强调作用。

  【篇三】主语从句的用法

  一、定义

  在句子中担当主语的从句,就叫主语从句。通常放在主句谓语动词之前,或由形式主语

  it代替、而本身放在句子末尾。

  二、连接词

  根据主语从句所缺句子成分的情况,主语从句会由不同的连接词连接,常见的连接词有

  :that、if/whether、连接代词、连接副词和what。

  三、that引导的主语从句

  (一)

  当主语从句本身不缺成分时,就会使用that来连接。此时,that只起连接作用,但不能

  省略。如:

  That he will come to our village tomorrow surprises us all. (他要来我们村,

  让我们都感到很惊讶。)

  That she used to be a spy is known to all. (大家都知道,她过去是个间谍。)

  这种情况下,因为主语从句往往比谓语部分更长,会导致整个句子头重脚轻,所以经常

  会用it作为形式主语来替换主语从句,而把主语从句放到句末。此时,that也只起连接作用

  ,但可以省略。比如,以上两个句子就存在这个问题,所以一般都会改为:

  It surprises us all (that) he will come to our village tomorrow.

  It is known to all (that) she used to be a spy.

  (二)

  如果句子是疑问句,则必须用带形式主语it的结构。如:

  That she is our English teacher is true. (她是我们的英语老师,是真的。)

  That he has been there twice is a fact. (他去过那儿两次了,是真的。)

  这两句话如果改为一般疑问句时,不能这么改:

  错误:Is that she is your English teacher true?

  错误:Is that he has been there twice a fact?

  而是要改为含有形式主语it的句子:

  Is it true that she is your English teacher?

  Is it a fact that he has been there twice?

  (三)

  在形式主语it引导的主语从句结构“It is+形容词/名词/名词短语等+that主语从句”

  中,如果is后面的表语是表示重要或必要等(如important、necessary、a necessity等)含

  义时,that从句中的谓语动词一般要采用“should+do”的虚拟语气形式,should经常省略

  。如:

  It is imperative that we (should) make a quick decision. (我们要尽快做出决定

  。)

  It is necessary that we (should) learn English well. (我们必须学好英语。)

  四、if/whether引导的主语从句

  当主语从句本身含有是否的意思时,连接词必须用if或whether。但是,如果主语从句

  位于句首时,只能用whether,不能用if。如:

  Whether it will do good to us remains to be seen. (是否对我们有害还要看一看

  。)

  这种情况下,因为主语从句也比较长,会导致头重脚轻的情况,所以也经常用形式主语

  it来代替,而把主语从句放到句末去。此时,连接词除了用whether外,也可以用if。如上

  面的句子就可以改为:

  It remains to be seen if/whether it will do good to us.

  再比如:

  Whether the band would visit our city was still a mystery. (这个乐队是否会来

  我们城市仍然是个谜。)

  上面的句子可以改为:

  It was still a mystery if/whether the band would visity our city.

  五、连接代词引导的主语从句

  常用来连接主语从句的连接代词有:who、whom、whose、which、whoever、whomever、

  whichever等。这些连接代词在从句中有的作主语,有的作宾语,有的作定语。如:

  作主语:Who won the game hasn't been announced yet. (谁赢得了比赛,还没宣布

  。)

  作宾语:Whom you talked to just now will be confirmed later. (你刚才跟谁说话

  了,之后会证实的。)

  作定语:Whichever nation explodes an atomic bomb will engage the whole world

  in war. (无论哪个国家使用原子弹都会使全世界卷入战争。)

  为了避免头重脚轻,这种情况下的主语从句也经常用形式主语it来代替,而把主语从句

  放到句末。但是,连接代词始终都不能省略。如上面的两句话可以改为:

  It hasn't been announced yet who won the game.

  It will be confirmed later whom you talked to just now.

  It will engage the whole world in war whichever nation explodes an atomic

  bomb.

  六、连接副词引导的主语从句

  能够用来连接主语从句的连接副词主要有:when、where、why、how等。这些连接副词

  在主语从句中作状语。如:

  When they will arrive at the station doesn't matter. (他们何时到站没有什么关

  系。)

  How the accident happended is still unknown. (这场事故是怎么发生的,还不清楚

  。)

  Why he was absent from the meeting remains a mystery. (他为什么没有参加会议

  仍然是个谜。)

  Where I will spend my summer is none of your business. (我在哪里过暑假不关你

  的事。)

  为了避免头重脚轻,上面的句子可以改为:

  It doesn't matter when they will arrive at the station.

  It is still unknown how the accident happended.

  It remains a mystery why he was absent from the meeting.

  It is none of your business where I will spend my summer.

  七、what引导的主语从句

  与that不同的是,what除了可以引导主语从句起连接作用外,还同时在从句中充当主语

  或宾语。如:

  作主语:What really matters is that she needs a shower at once. (真正重要的

  是,她得马上冲个澡。)

  作宾语:What I am worried about is their taking my son to France. (我担心的

  是他们要把我儿子带到法国去。)

  有的时候,whatever也可以用来连接主语从句。如:

  Whatever you do makes no difference to me. (你做什么对我来说都没区别。)

  需要注意的是,当what或whatever引导主语从句时,一般不能改为由形式主语it来引导

  的句子。

  以上就是新东方在线新概念英语学习网为你带来的新概念英语第一册语法主语从句,更多精彩内容。敬请关注新东方在线新概念英语学习网(http://nce.koolearn.com)。


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