新概念英语第一册语法句型

2021-03-21 16:54:00来源:网络

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  【篇一】There be句型:

  There be 句型 表示哪里有什么东西(某处有某物)

  There is+单数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)

  There is a book in this room.

  There is a pen on the table

  There are+复数名词+表示场所的词(一般为介词词组)

  There are two pens on the table.

  There are three schools there.

  ★变疑问句将be动词移到句首

  Is there a book in this room?

  Are there two pens on the table?

  ★变否定句在动词后面加not

  There is not a book in this room.

  There are not two pens on the table.

  ★肯定回答及否定回答

  Yes, there is. No, there is not.

  Yes, there are. No, there are not.

  【篇二】Be going to

  Be going to 结构 表示打算,准备,计划做某事

  ★结构:主语+be动词+going to +动词原型

  I am going to make a bookcase.

  They are going to paint it.

  The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.

  ★变疑问句将be动词移到句首

  Are you going to make a bookcase?

  Are they going to paint it?

  Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?

  ★变否定句在be动词后面加not

  I am not going to make a bookcase.

  They are going to paint it.

  The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.

  ★肯定回答及否定回答

  Yes, I am. No, I am not.

  Yes, they are. No, they are not.

  Yes, he is. No, he is not.

  ★特殊疑问句

  What are you going to do?

  What are they going to do?

  What is the father going to do?

  【篇三】祈使句

  祈使句表示请求、命令、建议、邀请等,谓语动词一律用原型,句子中通常不用主语,

  句末用惊叹好或者句号,用降调。

  ★肯定句:动词原型

  Come here, please.

  Go downstairs, please.

  Stand up.

  Sit down.

  Be quiet.

  Be careful.

  祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号隔开,放在句首或者句尾:

  Come in, Amy.

  Sit down here, Tom.

  Mary, give me a book please.

  ★否定:Don't+动词原型

  Don't come here.

  Don't sit down.

  Don't stand up.

  Don't give me it.

  let sb. do 让某人做

  Let me pass.

  Let us have a rest.

  Let's have a rest.

  反意疑问:

  Let's have a walk along the river, shall we?

  Let us go out for a drink, will you?

  【篇四】倒装句

  倒装句,顾名思义,就是把句子某些成分的顺序颠倒,用以强调、突出特定语义。在倒

  装句中,颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变,句法成分不变。

  倒装句应该是所有语言中的一种普遍语法现象,在俄语等语言里,只要词语的格正确,

  句子中词语的顺序是可以随意放置的,因此想要强调谁就可以把谁放在最前面;在汉语等语

  言里,对词语的顺序要求很严,但仍然会有“孔文子何以谓之‘文’也”,“僵卧孤村不自

  哀”这样的倒装现象。

  我们先来看倒装句的基本结构

  主语和谓语是句子的核心,它们之间有两种语序

  一是主语在谓语之前称为自然语序;

  二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序。

  而倒装语序中又有完全倒装和部分倒装

  完全倒装:又称"全部倒装",是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用

  于一般现在时和一般过去时。也就是谓语+主语+……

  理论的东西说多了大家迷糊,其实我们通常见到的There be句型就是完全倒装句

  ①There be(的各种形式)+主语(+地点或时间状语)

  例子:

  There was problem between us.我们俩之间曾经有矛盾

  There are ducks swimming in the river.河里有很多鸭子在游

  ②副词小品词+谓语动词+名词主语+……

  Out runs a lady.跑出来一位女士

  Away flew the birds.鸟儿飞走了

  ③过去分词或现在分词+be的各种形式+主语+……

  Standing beside the table was his wife.站在桌子旁的是他的夫人

  需要注意的是,某些副词开头的句子构成的完全倒装here、there、now、then、thus等

  副词开头的句子可构成完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词,如arise、be、come、

  exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是,当主语是代词时,不能构成倒装。(方位词在句首,

  主语是名词,全部倒装)

  Here comes Harry Potte.哈利 波特来了。

  Here it is.在这里。

  Here is your bag.这是你的包,根据语境还可翻译为给你包。

  部分倒装(PartialInversion)(又称半倒装句):指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词

  倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助

  动词do,does或did,并将其置于主语之前。

  表示强调倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下:

  1.only+状语或状语从句置于句首,被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装。

  Only in this way can you solve this problem.

  只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。

  Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big

  mistake.

  只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。

  2.hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom, never,no more,no longer,not,not

  only,no sooner,not only…(but also),not until…等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首

  ,句子用部分倒装。

  No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

  我刚到家就下起了雨。

  Seldom do I go to work by bus.

  我很少乘公共汽车上班。

  Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night.

  她昨晚十二点才上 床睡觉。

  3.so/such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so/such和

  that之间的部分。

  So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.

  他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。

  To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.

  她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。

  以上各例都用倒装语序突出了句首成分,其语气较自然语序强烈,因而具有极佳的修辞

  效果。

  看完了倒装句的分类,我们来具体看几个倒装句的应用场景。

  为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复,常用"so+be动词(助动词、情态动词)+主

  语"或"neither/nor+be动词(助动词、情态动词)+主语"的倒装句式。其中第一个句式表示"

  与前面所述的肯定情况相同",第二个句式表示"与前面所述的否定情况相同"。

  A:His uncle is(not)a worker; B:so is mine.(nor is mine.)

  A:他叔叔(不)是工人,B:我叔叔也是。(我叔叔也不是。)

  A:He used to have his further study abroad; B:so did I.(neither did I.)

  A:他曾去国外深造过。B:我也去过。(我也没有。)

  可以概括成:主语相同不倒装,主语不同倒装。

  倒装可把前一句说到的人或物,或与前一句有联系的人或物在下一句紧接着先说出来,

  从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚,衔接更加紧密,起到承上启下的作用。

  They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor,

  dead. Around his head was a brown snake.

  他们破门进入她叔叔的卧室,发现他躺在地板上死了。一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上。

  We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and

  paupers we shall remain.

  我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋,而且还会继续是穷光

  蛋。

  【篇五】so/neither的倒装句

  He can swim. So can I.

  I didn’t go to class. Neither did I.

  结构:

  so/neither+情态动词+ 主语

  so/neither+be+ 主语

  so/neither+助动词+ 主语

  现在进行时, am, is, are

  一般现在时, do, does/am, is, are

  现在完成时, have, has

  过去进行时,was, were

  一般将来时, will, shall,

  过去完成时,had

  过去将来时, would

  一般过去时, did

  以上就是新东方在线新概念英语学习网为你带来的新概念英语第一册语法句型,更多精彩内容。敬请关注新东方在线新概念英语学习网(http://nce.koolearn.com)。


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