新概念英语第三册课堂笔记Lesson11

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　　New words and expression 生词和短语

　　Guilty adj.犯罪的，违法的

　　-- He felt guilty when he did what he shouldn‘t have done.

　　-- He said that with a guilty smile.

　　Guilt (n.罪行, 内疚) guiltily (adv.有罪地, 有罪似地)

　　反义词：innocent (adj.清白的, 无罪的) innocence (n.清白)

　　tolerant adj.宽容的 à Tolerantly (adv.)

　　-- A tolerant person must be easy going. 一个宽容的人一定是很好相处的。

　　Tolerance (n.宽容, 忍受, 容忍) Tolerate (vt.忍受, 容忍)

　　Tolerable (adj.可忍受的) hardship (n.困苦, 艰难, 辛苦)

　　-- The hardship is tolerable. 这种困苦还是可以忍受的。

　　declare v.申报

　　hardened adj.有经验的(侧重于老练的)

　　-- a hardened player / a hardened thief

　　experienced adj.富有经验的 (侧重于有经验的)

　　-- an experienced teacher

　　professional adj.职业的，专业的

　　-- a professional player 一个职业的选手

　　smuggler n.走私者

　　officious adj.爱管闲事的 / Officiousness (n.)

　　-- A lot of old ladies are officious.

　　Officious adj.多管闲事的, 非官方的, 非正式的, 专横的

　　-- civil(adj.全民的, 市民的, 公民的, 国民的)

　　-- servant(n.仆人)

　　-- civil servant n.文职人员,公务员,公仆,(联合国等机构的行政人员)

　　-- officious civil servant 爱管闲事的的公务员

　　-- an officious police officer 专横的的警官

　　Officiously(adv.多管闲事的, 非正式的, 非官方的)

　　official adj.官方的, 官员的, 正式的

　　-- An official inquiry will be made into this matter.(inquiry n.质询, 调查)

　　此事将进行一次官方调查。

　　Confidently adv.自信地(=with?confidence?充满信心的)

　　-- He went to do the work confidently.

　　Confident (adj.自信的, 确信的)

　　Confidence (n.信心)

　　-- have?confidence 有信心 / gain?confidence 获得信心

　　in?confidence (悄悄的,秘密的)=secretly

　　take?sb into?one‘s?confidence 以某人为心腹

　　-- The boss takes his secretary into his confidence.

　　dreadful adj.可怕的，一团糟的 (=frightful adj.糟糕的, 讨厌的)

　　dreadful(侧重于可怕的, 乱七八糟的)

　　-- The room is dreadful / a frightful day

　　fearful(表示胆怯的, 恐惧的)

　　-- she felt fearful particularly when she went out at night.(adv.独特地, 显著地)

　　pounce v.猛抓，扑住

　　perfume n.香水(人造的)

　　fragrance (抽象名词)n.芬芳, 芳香, 香气, 香味

　　sarcastically adv.讽刺地

　　exempt adj.被免除的

　　duty n.税

　　-- Customs?Duty 关税 / duty?free 免税的

　　-- Stamp?Duty 印花税 (stamp n.邮票, 印花, 图章, 标志)

　　同义词：tax n.税, 税款, 税金

　　-- income?tax 所得税

　　gel n.凝胶

　　mixture n.混合物

　　mix(v.使混和, 混淆, 混合) -- mix sth With

　　-- Oil does not mix with water. 油不能和水融合在一起

　　unscrew v.拧开

　　nostril n.鼻孔

　　chalk n.粉笔

　　baggage n.行李

　　同义词：luggage(n.行李, 皮箱)

　　trouble vt.(使)烦恼, 麻烦, 打扰

　　hide vt.vi.(hid, hidden, hiding)隐藏

　　eh int.(表示惊奇、疑问等) 啊，嗯

　　particular(adj.特殊的, 特别的, 独特的)

　　particularly(adv.异常地,显著地,特别地,格外,尤其)

　　import n.进口, 进口货(常用复数), 输入

　　encouraging(adj.鼓励的) encouragingly(adv.鼓励的)

　　greet vt.问候, 向...致意, 映入眼帘

　　convince vt.使确信, 使信服

　　Text 课文

　　What was the Customs Officer looking for?

　　Customs Officers are quite tolerant these days, but they can still stop you when you are

　　going through the Green Channel and have nothing to declare.

　　the Green Channel=the Custom Office

　　我们在运用形容词、动词时, 往往需要用副词来强调。

　　Really(表示“真正的”)

　　-- a really officious person

　　particularly(强调“特别, 尤其是”)

　　absolutely(强调“绝对的”)

　　completely=entirely=fully=thoroughly(强调“完全的, 彻底的”)

　　extremely(强调“特别, 特别是”)

　　fairly adv.相当地, 还算(语气一般)

　　-- a fairly gook book. 一本还算可以的书。

　　very(语气程度强烈“非常”)

　　-- a very good book. 一本非常好的书。

　　rather 语意程度接近fairly, 注意不冠词的位置。

　　-- a fairly good book.

　　-- a rather good book=rather a good book (更常用)

　　quite right / quit wrong / quite mistaken / quite sure

　　even really honest people...

　　a particularly officious young Customs officer...

　　Even really honest people are often made to feel guilty.

　　are made to feel guilty

　　make, have, let及感官性动词see, hear, notice, feel?用于主动语态, 符合宾语不定式的符号to

　　应省略。但这种结构改成被动式时, 不定式符号to必须还原。

　　-- We heard someone come up the stairs.

　　-- Someone was heard to come up the stairs.

　　The hardened professional smuggler, on the other hand, is never troubled by such feelings,

　　even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase.

　　even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase.

　　=Even if/though he has five hundred golden watches that are hidden in his suitcase.

　　hidden in his suitcase(过去分词短语作定语, 修饰watches)

　　On the one hand..., on the other hand…。

　　-- On the one hand we could stay and help you, but on the other hand it might be better if you

　　went to help him instead.

　　When I returned form abroad recently, a particularly officious young Customs Officer

　　clearly regarded me as a smuggler.

　　‘Have you anything to declare?‘ he asked, looking me in the eye.

　　looking?me?in?the?eye 两眼直盯盯的注视着我

　　=look sb in the face=stare sb in the eyes=look directly at sb

　　-- Not one of the men dared look him in the eye. 没有人敢正眼看他。

　　‘No‘, I answered confidently.

　　‘Would you mind unlocking this suitcase please?‘ ‘Not at all,‘ I answered.

　　Would you mind unlocking this suitcase, please?

　　注意：mind后面的动名词形式

　　The Officer went through the case with great care.

　　The Officer went through the case with great care.

　　=The Officer examined the case carefully

　　with?great?care 强调相当的仔细

　　All the thing I had packed so carefully were soon in a dreadful mess.

　　in?a?mess 乱作一团

　　介词in?和名词搭配，表示一种状态

　　-- in?good?order 秩序井然 / -- in?good?health 身体健康

　　-- in?a?good?mood 心情好 / -- in?a?good?temper 脾气好

　　I felt sure I would never be able to close the case again.

　　Suddenly, I saw the Officer‘s face light up.

　　light?up 喜气洋洋, 容光焕发

　　-- Marsha’s?face?lit?up?when?she?saw?her?old?friend.

　　-- His face lighted up at the small triumph.(n.胜利, 成功)

　　-- Tom really lighted up when he saw the new bicycle.

　　Light的过去式与过去分词即可以是lit, 也可以是lighted.

　　-- 但是如果运用过去分词作定语, 表示被点燃的, 要用lighted。

　　-- a?lighted?cigar 一支被点燃的雪茄

　　-- a?lighted?stick 点燃的火炬

　　He had spotted a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced on it with delight.

　　with?delight 欣喜若狂地 (with和抽象名词搭配, 表示内心充满了一种感情)

　　-- with?confidence 自信地 / -- with?care 细心地

　　-- with?pride 骄傲地 / -- with?delight 欣喜若狂地

　　pounce?on 向...猛扑过去, 对...大做文章

　　-- The?policeman?pounced?on?the?thief. 警察向小偷猛扑过去。

　　-- Don‘t pounce on my mistake. 不要对我的错误大做文章。

　　‘Perfume, eh?‘ he asked sarcastically. ‘You should have declared that. Perfume is not exempt

　　from import duty.‘

　　should?have和过去分词搭配(表示本应该做某事却没有做, 具有谴责性的味道)

　　-- You should have arrived here five minutes earlier.

　　-- You should have told me about it.

　　shouldn‘t?have?done 本不应该做某事

　　exempt v.免除 adj.被免除的(be exempt from)

　　-- Drinks are not exempt from import duty. Perfume is not exempt from import duty either.

　　‘But it isn‘t perfume,‘ I said. ‘It‘s hair gel.‘ Then I added with a smile, ‘It‘s a strange mixture

　　I make myself.‘

　　As I expected, he did not believe me.

　　As：关系代词(引导非限制性定语从句, 它所指代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义)

　　-- As?we?know, the?earth?is?round. 众所周知, 地球是圆的。

　　-- As?I mentioned 正如我所提及的

　　-- As?I?soon?learned, he was English himself. 正如我很快得知的,他也是英国人。

　　关系代词as和which的区别：

　　as所引导的非限制性定语从句, 可用在主句之前。

　　which引导的非限制性定语从句, 只能用在主句之后。

　　‘Try it!‘ I said encouragingly.

　　Encouragingly 副词形式

　　The officer unscrewed the cap and put the bottle to his nostrils.

　　He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth.

　　Greet

　　1> vt.问候, 向...致意

　　2> vt.觉察到, 呈现在...眼前, 在...耳边

　　-- I woke up and was greeted by a bird‘s song. 当我醒来时, 耳边是鸟鸣声。

　　-- Inside the room a dreadful mess greeted us. 当我进入房间，眼前是一堆乱七八糟的东西。

　　-- When he went into the kitchen, a smell greeted him.

　　A few minutes later, I was able to hurry away with precious chalk marks on my baggage.

　　Precious adj.宝贵的, 贵重的

　　Special difficulties 难点

　　Canada n.加拿大

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