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新概念英语第三册语法解析：介词

2018-07-12 11:44:30来源：网络

(2)out of：表示与"into"相反的语意。

　　He will be out of town.

　　I stepped out of the dark room.out of+ 名词 (= lack, to be without 用完，用光)

　　He went to the shop because he was out of paper.out of date (= old-fashioned 过时的)

　　The book has been out of date.out of work (= jobless 失业的)

　　He needs money because be is out of work.out of the question (= impossible 不可能的)

　　Finishing the hard work is out of the question.out of question (= doubtless 毫无疑问的)

　　That he can do it well is out of question.out of order(= not functioning 失灵的)

　　Her radio is out of order, so she can't listen to it.

(3)by：表示从旁经过或在……附近。

　　He passed by me without saying hello.

　　He lives by the sea.

　　经典用法：

　　● 通过→This is the nearest road by which they came.

　　● 在……时候→The young man works by day and steals money by night.

　　● 由……所生→He has two sons by her second wife.

　　● 抓住→She caught her child by his coat in the flood.

　　● 按……计算→The farmers sell their apples by the pound.

　　● 就(气质，特征)而言→He is an artist by temperament(气质).用于被动语意，导出动作执行者：

　　The glass was broken by the boy.by + 具体时间：

　　They usually have dinner by 8 o'clock.by + 交通工具 (bus, train, plan...)：

　　He travelled to Paris by air/plane.by the end of + 时间名词：到……末为止

　　By the end of last year, they had learnt 100 texts.

　　By the end of this term, they will have learnt 100 texts.by then：到那时

　　He will graduate in 1999, by then he will leave Beijing.by way of (= via)：经由，取道

　　They are going to the United States by way of Hong Kong.by the way：顺便问

　　By the way, do you know where Mr. Li has gone?by far：……得多(用于修饰比较级和最高级)

　　The book is by far the best on the subject.by accident：不小心，与on purpose(故意地)语意相反

　　The wrong information was put into the computer by accident.

　　(4)in：在……内部，与"out" 语意相反。

　　All the students are in the classroom.in + month / year: 在某月/年

　　in January, in 2000in time：及时

　　They arrived at the station in time.in the way 挡住去路

　　He couldn't drive his car away because a big stone was in the way.once in a while 时而

　　Once in a while, he went to the Museum.in no time at all 立刻，迅速

　　He finished his homework in no time at all.in the meantime 同时

　　He was having supper, and in the meantime he watched TV.in a row 坐在某一排上

　　We sat in the 20th row of the cinema.in the event that 如果

　　In the event that you pass the exam, I'll telephone you.in case 万一，如果

　　Bring you raincoat in case it rains.in the street 在街上

　　in the past 在过去

　　in the future 在未来

　　in the beginning 开始，起初

　　in the end 最后，终于

　　get in touch with 与……取得联系

　　keep in touch with 与……保持联系

(5)on：位于某物体表面上。

　　The dishes are on the round table.on a day / date 在某天及某天的上，下午，晚上

　　on Wednesday, on February 9th , 1999

　　on Friday afternoon, on a dark night.on a / the + (bus, plane, ship, train, bike)

　　He went to school on a bus.on a ... street 在某条街道

　　Mrs. Smith lives on 5th 'Avenue.on the corner (of two streets) 在两条街道相交的一角

　　That shoe store is on the corner of 2nd Street and 5th Avenue.on the television / the radio 在电视/ 收音机里

　　The manager will make a speech onthe TV.on the telephone 打电话

　　You are wanted on the phone. 有您的电话on sale 出售

　　The books are on salefor $7 each.on the floor of a building 位于某层楼

　　on time 准时(比in time 具体)

　　on the sidewalk 在人行道上

　　on the way 在途中

　　on the right/left 在右侧/左侧

　　on the whole 总的来说，总体上

　　on the one hand, or the other hand 一方面，另一方面

　　on foot 步行

(6)at：此介词通常用来指某一特定时间和地点。at + 地点

　　Mr. Smith lives at 15, 16th Avenue.

　　注：在某条街道On... street，而在某街某号应用at。at + 特定时间

　　At 7:00 in the morning, he goes towork.at home/school/work 在家上学上班

　　at night 在晚上

　　at best 充其量

　　at times 有时

　　at peace 和平状态

　　at least 至少

　　at worst 最差

　　at intervals 间或，时而

　　at random 随意，胡乱地

　　at most 至多

　　at present 目前，现在

　　at war 交战

　　at leisure 悠闲自得地

　　at a loss 不知所措

　　at large 逍遥法外

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