新概念第二册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson88

2015-02-15 17:35:00来源：网络

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　　【知识点讲解】

　　1.trap既可作动词也可作名词

　　① n. 捕动物的器具或陷阱

　　a mouse-trap老鼠夹

　　lay/set up a trap for...设置捉.......陷阱

　　caught in a trap 落入陷阱

　　例句：The fox's leg was caught in a trap.

　　狐狸的脚被捕兽夹夹住了。

　　② n. 圈套，诡计

　　I've told you it was a trap, it was intended for us!

　　我早就告诉过你这是个陷阱，这就是为我们俩设的局!

　　③ v.陷入困境

　　be trapped 陷入困境

　　trap sb into sth/doing sth 用计捕捉某人或使某人上当

　　例句：They were trapped in the burning hotel.

　　他们被困在着火的旅馆里。

　　2. mine 除了表示代词“我的”还可作名词表示“矿井，巷道，水雷”，或是动词“开矿，采矿”。

　　a mine of information about/on sb/sth 知识的宝库;信息的源泉

　　A good encyclopaedia is a mine of information.

　　一部好的百科全书是一座知识宝库。

　　3. lose one's life 丧生 save one's life 救命

　　4. rescue operations are proving difficult.

　　事实证明营救工作非常困难。

　　rescue operations 营救工作

　　系动词look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep+形容词/名词构成系表结构

　　His plan proved (to be) successful.

　　他的计划很成功。

　　5. Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.

　　因此，营救人员正在矿井的北侧钻一个洞。

　　therefore与so的区别

　　therefore表示“因此”“所以”等。它是副词，在句子中的位置灵活，它既可以独立使用，也可以位于动词或形容词前。

　　so表示“因此”“所以”时通常是连词。

　　例如：

　　He got yearend bonus several days ago, and he was therefore able to buy a car.

　　因为前两天拿了年终奖，所以他买得起一辆车。

　　=He got yearend bonus several days ago, therefore, he was able to buy a car.

　　(therefore前后都可以有逗号，so后面通常不用逗号)

　　He got yearend bonus several days ago, so he was able to buy a car.

　　(so 表示“所以”、“因此”时不放在动词前)

　　6.If there had not been a hard layer of rock beneath the soil, they would have completed the job in a few hours.

　　如果不是因为土壤下面有一层坚硬的岩石，他们的营救工作仅用几个小时就可以完成了。

　　上面这个句子是if引导条件状语从句表示虚拟语气。从句谓语动词形式表达的是跟事实相反的情况(如果不是因为土壤下面的一层坚硬岩石，事实是有这层岩石)，就会怎么样。

　　虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法

新概念第二册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson88

　　也就是说，虚拟语气的几种常见用法是：①表示和现在事实相反的假设：条件句用动词的过去式，但be (包括There be) 各人称一律用were; 主句则用should/ would /could/ might+动词原形。

　　②表示与过去事实相反的假设：条件句用动词的过去完成时(had +过去分词);主句则用would + have +过去分词。③表示与将来事实相反的假设：条件句用should+动词原形或动词过去式，或were to+动词原形，主句的谓语则用should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形。以下分别举例说明：

　　If I were you, I would tell her the truth.

　　如果我是你，我就告诉她事实真相。

　　If you had followed my advice, you would have got the ticket.

　　你要是当初听我的，现在就拿到票了。

　　If it should snow tomorrow, I would stay at home.

　　如果明天下雪的话我就呆在家里。

　　7. As it is, they have been drilling for sixteen hours and they still have a long way to go.

　　实际情况是，他们已连续钻了16个小时了，但离钻透还早着呢。

　　①as it is 事实上，实际上(也可以用as it was)。

　　I thought she had finished the book. As it was, she had just read a few pages.

　　我以为她把这本书看完了，实际上她只看了几页。

　　I intended to go home tomorrow. As it is, I have some extra work tomorrow.