剑桥KET语法：被动语态

　　英语中有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语动词使用主动语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语动词则需要使用被动 语态。 一般只有及物动词才有被动语态。在翻译时，被动语态往往用“被”“受”“给” 来表示被动意义。如：

　　Acat eats fish.猫吃鱼。(主动语态)

　　The fish was eaten by a cat.鱼被猫吃了。(被动语态)

　　1、被动语态的构成

　　“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成被动语态。如：

　　The vase is broken by Smith.

　　花瓶被史密斯打碎了。

　　2、被动语态的时态变化

　　通常情况下，被动语态的时态变化只需要改变be 动词的形式即可，过去分词部分保持 不变。

　　(1)被动语态的一般现在时

　　(2)被动语态的一般过去时

　　3、单项选择：请从下列选项中选出正确的选项。

　　1.I bought a T-shirt,it cost f42 because it is________of cotton.

　　A.make B.made C.making

　　2. I________to a sports competition last Saturday.

　　A.was invited B.am invited C.is invited

　　3.The bridge________three months ago.

　　A.build B.built C.was built

　　4. The letter________to John just now.

　　A.is sent B.was sent C.sent

　　5.The Great Wall________by lots of people every day.

　　A.is visited B.visited C.visiting

　　6. This tree________this morning.

　　A.water B.watering C.was watered

　　4、用括号所给单词的被动形式填空。

　　1.This building________(build)ten years ago.

　　2.Rice________(grow)in the south of China.

　　3.The ground ________(cover)with snow yesterday morning.

　　4.The old man________(take)to the hospital just now.

　　5.She was unhappy because she________(laugh)by her classmates.

　　6.The car________(buy)by my father last week.

　　5、判断下列句子是否是被动语态，是的话请在横线上打 √ ,不是请打×。

　　1.It was bought by my uncle. ________________

　　2.My mother cooked noodles for supper. ________________

　　3.It was written by an excellent author. ________________

　　4.I ate two apples. ________________

　　5.It was built in 1880. ________________

　　6.I bought a book yesterday. ________________

　　7.I cleaned my bedroom yesterday. ________________

　　8.Paper was first invented in China. ________________