新概念英语第三册Lesson 1学习笔记

　　Text 课文

　　at?large 逃遁的, 没有被控制的

　　-- The thief is still at large

　　at large 详细地(= in?detail)n.细节, 详情

　　-- I need talk to you at large

　　at large 总体来讲(= as?a?whole)

　　-- The students at large are hungry for English. (hungry adj.饥饿的, 渴望的)

　　Where must the puma have come from?

　　Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.

　　在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果(和中文不同)

　　英文擅长用长句，中文擅长用短句。

　　-- Pandas are large cat-like animals which are found in Asia. (panda n.熊猫)

　　cat-like 猫一样的, 偷偷摸摸的 / dog-like 狗一样的 / life-like 栩栩如生的

　　When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles

　　south of London, they were not taken seriously.

　　一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词的后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前

　　1> 定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰

　　-- 定语从句的引导词：

　　-- 指人：主语who;宾语who, whom;定语?whose

　　-- 指物：that(也可以指人)/ which

　　-- 时间状语：when / 地点状语：where / 原因状语：why

　　2> 同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容

　　-- 同位语从句的引导词：

　　-- 名词(做主语、宾语等)：关系词用that而不是which

　　-- 时间：when;?地点：where

　　-- 定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但what可以引导同位语从句

　　-- An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.

　　-- I?have?no?idea?what?has?happened?to?him。

　　they were not taken seriously(they指代reports)

　　take sth seriously = deal with sth seriously 认真地对待某事

　　-- I always take your suggestions seriously.

　　take sth lightly 草率地对待某事 (lightly adv.轻率地)

　　-- Don’t take the hot potato lightly (hot potato n.棘手的问题)

　　However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to

　　investigate, for the de脚本ions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were

　　extraordinarily similar.

　　However adv.然而(起转折作用)

　　As 连词：随着, 当...之时

　　过去分词做定语：

　　-- the de脚本ions given by people

　　-- the story told by the sailor (n.海员, 水手, 船员)

　　-- a book written by Luxun

　　claim?to?have?done?sth 声称曾经做过某事

　　-- He claimed to have been the manager of the large shop.

　　The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw

　　’a large cat’ only five yards away from her.

　　Where a woman picking… 定语从句

　　-- I still remember the school where I studied English.

　　It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack

　　a human being unless it is cornered.

　　Confirm = be sure = be certain (confirm vt.确定)

　　Unless it is cornered = if it is not cornered (unless conj.如果不, 除非)

　　-- He will accept the job unless the salary is too low.

　　The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning

　　and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.

　　search = hunt

　　Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.

　　把某物留在后面：leave?behind

　　-- Wherever he went, the wound left behind him a trail of blood.(n.血)

　　Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes.

　　英文表达方式习惯用被动语态, 突出客观事实。而中文则善于运用动作的执行者。

　　puma fur was found clinging to bushes. (被动)

　　à We found the puma fur clinging to bushes. (主动)

　　-- clinging to bushes是现在分词短语做宾补

　　Several people complained of “cat-like noises’ at night and a businessman on a fishing trip

　　saw the puma up a tree.

　　complain?of/about?sth 抱怨某事

　　on+名词：强调动作正在进行

　　-- on?the?rise 在上升 / on?the?increase 在增加

　　-- on?the?watch 在观看 / on?the?match 在比赛中

　　-- on?the?fishing?trip 在钓鱼的途中 / on?holiday 在度假

　　The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come

　　from?

　　Fully(adv.充分地, 完全地)= completely = entirely

　　As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have

　　been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.

　　sth be in?the?possession?of?sb = sth be in?sb’s?possession 某物归某人所有(主语是物)

　　-- The beautiful car is in my possession.= The beautiful car is in the possession of me.

　　Sb be in?possession?of?sth 某人拥有某物(主语是人)

　　-- I am in possession of the beautiful car.(in possession of… 做表语)

　　-- The person in possession of the big house is excited. (in possession of… 做定语)

　　take?possession?of… 拥有…

　　The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught.

　　Went on = lasted (last vi.继续, 持续)

　　It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.

　　It is disturbing to think that... 一想到…就心理不安

　　-- It is disturbing to think that I fail my examination

　　in the quiet countryside 在宁静的山村

　　Special difficulties 难点

　　Exercises A

　　1. at/for 2. to 3. to 4. in 5. on

　　Exercises B

　　1. He is the man we have heard about so much.

　　2. The shelf you put those books on has collapsed.(vi.倒塌, 崩溃, 瓦解)

　　3.Whom did you receive a letter from?

　　特殊疑问句中whom?不能省略(本句)。

　　定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom, 在非正式用法当中可以省略。

　　省略时，介词不能前置到关系代词Whom, Which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。

　　固定的动词短语

　　look?for：寻找(去掉for后look没有寻找的意思，所以介词for不能前置)

　　非固定的动词短语

　　look?at：注视

　　live?in：居住(去掉in后live仍有居住的意思，所以介词in可以前置)

　　This is the old house in which he lived. = This is the old house he lived in.

　　4.This is the road we came by?

　　5.Where is the pencil you were playing with?

　　Multiple choice questions 多项选择

　　1… 正确答案：D

　　in common adv.共有 (替换了similar)

　　2… 正确答案：B

　　A)只是一个具体的特定的事列，阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意

　　B)?large?cat

　　persuade v.说服, 劝说

　　3… 答案正确：C?

　　做理解题时要紧扣主题、紧扣中心大意

　　文章最后一句话总结了大意

　　句型结构题和词汇题是每课的关键

　　4… 答案正确：C?

　　Make的用法：

　　make?somebody?do(在主动语态中不定式的符号to应该省略)

　　be?made?to?do(被动语态中不定式的符号to必须补充完整)

　　-- They made her wait for hours. à She was made to wait for hours.

　　5… 答案正确： D?

　　A)把say改成claim就对了 (-- People?claimed?to?have?seen?the?puma.)

　　D)清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系

　　6… 正确答案：B

　　原句中的?when引导的时间状语从句表示：-...就…(as?soon?as)

　　被动：On being observed, it immediately ran away.

　　主动：On?observing?her, it?immediately?ran?away.

　　On seeing me, he waved to me.

　　7… 正确答案：D

　　except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配(也可是when/if引导的从句形式)

　　unless = if...not = except on the condition that…

　　when = if

　　-- …except when they are cornered. = …except if they are cornered.

　　-- Whenever you come, you are welcome. = If ever you come, you are welcome.

　　8… 正确答案：D

　　A)must?be只是对客观现实的推测，时态不一致

　　-- 对于过去事实推测一定要用：情态动词+ have +过去分词

　　9… 正确答案：C

　　on more than = nothing more than = only / within = not more than

　　10… 正确答案：B

　　in?a?corner 偷偷摸摸地, 暗中地, 秘密地

　　in?a?trap 落于陷阱中

　　at an angle 不正的, 倾斜的(angle n.角, 角度, 角落, 墙角, 棱角)

　　under cover 在遮蔽处, 秘密地, 暗中

　　11... 正确答案：B

　　fishes?for?pleasure 钓鱼消遣

　　travel for pleasure 外出游玩

　　read for pleasure 阅读消遣

　　12…

　　on one’s own adv.独自地, 独立地, 主动地 (= alone)

　　for one’s own benefit 为了某人自己的利益。

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