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新概念英语第二册语法之短语(第25课)

2013-08-14 15:19:27来源：新东方网

【Key structures】

　　并列句中的语序

　　通过并列连词可以把几个简单句连接起来构成一个并列句。在并列句中，各分句要根据上下文的要求按逻辑次序排列，但各分句都同等重要并独立存在。

　　并列连词可以用来表示另加(and)、对比(but，yet)、选择(or)、连续(and，then)以及结局或结果(so)。

　　however 用在句号的后面, 单独成句, 于前边的句子只有意思上的承接, 没有语法上的承接, 语法上的承接表转折只能用 but

　　一些并列句的连词：and，and then，but，so，yet，or，not only…but…as well 不但……而且……，neither…nor… 既不……也不……，either…or… 或者……或者……，both…and… 两者都

　　yet adv. 然而

　　放在句末或句中, 与否定句, 疑问句相连, 并且与现在完成时用得比较多

　　Have you finished yet?

　　yet=but 连词，放在两个句子间, 起转折作用

　　or adv. 或者, 否则

　　Hurry up ,you will be late. /Hurry up,or you will be late.

　　当主语由and或both…and连接, 通常采用复数谓语动词.

　　Both the girl and the boy are his friends.

　　当主语由 neither...nor,either...or,not only...but also 或or 连接时，谓语动词与nor,or,but also后面的词一致，在英语语法中，这被称之为“就近原则”，离动词最近的名词是单数, 整个主语就视为单数;离动词最近的名词是复数, 整个主语就视为复数

　　Neither he nor I am going to the airport.

　　Not only Mary but also her parents have jgone abroad.

　　【Multiple choice questions】

　　5 He didn't speak slowly and he didn't speak clearly ___b___ .

　　a. neither b. either c. too d. nor

　　not和neither不会连用，too用于肯定句，either用于跟否定句结尾

　　一句话中一般不允许出现两个否定句

　　8 I repeated my question several times. I repeated it ___b___ times.

　　a. much b. a number of c. only a few d. three

　　several = some = a number of

　　much后面不加可数名词，没有only a few这个短语，quite a few 相当多的

　　9 At last he understood. He understood ___a___ .

　　a. in the end b. at least c. lastly d. at the finish

　　at last= in the end 最后、最终

　　lastly adj. 最新的、最近的一段时间

　　at least 至少

　　【语法精粹】

　　1.They ___B____ the trip until the rain stopped.

　　A. continued B. didn't continue　 C. hadn't continued D. would continue

　　until是前面和后面用一般过去时和过去完成时都对，但是我们在一般情况下两个都用一般过去时

　　2.The local peasants gave the solders clothes and food without which they __A___ of hunger and cold. (without 在这里表示条件)

　　A. would die B. will die C. would be dead D. would have died

　　虚拟语气

　　3.It was not until then that I came to know that the earth __D__around the sun.

　　A. moved B. has moved C. will move D. moves

　　It was not until that是强调结构,首先将“It was…that”去掉，再将“not”移到“that”后面的句子中，分析句子时后半句改为 :

　　I didn't come to know that the earth around the sun until then.

　　(until then 是在那个时候之前)

　　His father did not leave until he returned home.

　　变成强调句形式 : It was not until he returned home that his father left.

　　I don't get up until lunch time.

　　变成强调句形式 : It is not until lunch time that I get up.

　　4. When all those present(到场者)__D__he begin his lecture.

　　A. sit B. set C. seated D. were seated

　　seat vt. 做动词的时候两种情况① seat sb.;② sb. be seated

　　sit vi. 坐

　　sb. sit down

　　5.If I had had time, I would have written to you. But in fact I___not.

　　A. have B.would have C. had D. had had

　　虚拟语气

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