新概念3逐句精讲: 第14课贵族歹徒

2016-07-26 08:55:44来源：网络

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Lesson14 A noble gangster 贵族歹徒

　　新概念3课文内容：

　　There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection'. If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.

　　600 years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died at the age of 80, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue'.

　　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：　
　　1.There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection'.

　　曾经有一个时期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取"保护"。

　　语言点:句子结构分析:when引导定语从句，修饰time,表示是在什么时候发生的事情。从句中的in return for protection充当目的状语，说明“付钱”的目的是为了得到“保护”。

　　2.If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.

　　如果交款不及时,歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店,让他破产。

　　语言点1:句子结构分析:if引导条件状语从句，引出一个条件，即如果交钱不及时会导致主句所说的结果-破产；主句中的by destroying his shop作方式状语，交代“破产”的方式。

　　语言点2:写作短语总结:破产

　　put sb. out of business

　　lose one's business

　　go bankruptcy

　　fail to run business

　　one's business fails

　　one's business collapses

　　one's business lands on rocks

　　one's business goes to the dogs

　　3.Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime.

　　榨取"保护金"并不是一种现代的罪恶行径。

　　语言点:protection money的意思是“保护金”。

　　4. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.

　　早在14世纪,英国人约翰.霍克伍德就有过非凡的发现:"人们情愿拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手。

　　语言点1:句子结构分析:as long ago as the forteenth century作时间状语，强调是发生在很久以前的事情。Sir John Hawkwood是an Englishman的同位语，起解释说明的作用。That引导同位语从句，解释说明discovery的具体作用。

　　语言点2:as long ago as的意思是“追溯到”，相当于date from,date back to,trace back to。

　　5. 600 years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence.

　　600年前,约翰.霍克伍德爵士带着一队士兵来到意大利,在佛罗伦萨附近驻扎下来。

　　语言点:句子结构分析:six hundred years ago为时间状语。With a band of soldiers作伴随状语，交代“带着什么到达意大利”。

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