新概念英语3笔记内容第40课

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　　【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

　　●hoax n. 骗局，戏弄

　　●deception n. 欺骗，骗局

　　●self-respecting adj. 自重的

　　●indulge v. 使沉迷

　　●pneumatic adj. 气动的

　　●drill n. 钻

　　●silly adj. 无意义的，无聊的

　　●advance adj. 预先的，事先获得的

　　●archway n. 拱形门楼

　　●remonstrate v. 规劝，告诫

　　●ironically adv. 讽刺地

　　●permission n. 许可

　　●grant v. 同意，准予

　　■hoax n. 骗局，戏弄

　　play a hoax on sb. 戏弄某人

　　play a trick on sb. 戏弄某人

　　play a joke on sb. 开某人玩笑

　　Eg: The boy student is thinking how to play a hoax on his classmate.

　　■deception n. 欺骗，骗局

　　deception 无关紧要的骗局，并不是故意的欺骗

　　Eg: She referred to the pills as sweet, so the harmless deception made it easy for her child to take them.

　　deceit (故意的)欺骗

　　Eg: We are incapable of deceit.

　　fraud 对公众的欺骗行为，多指官方的欺骗或财政舞弊

　　trickery 欺骗(语气上严厉),着重有步骤地诡计来谋取私利。

　　Eg: He had gained control of the company by trickery.

　　■self-respecting adj. 自重的

　　■indulge v. 使沉迷

　　indulge oneself in sth. 沉迷于…………==be indulged in

　　Eg: He indulged himself in smoking and drinking.

　　=He was indulged in smoking and drinking.

　　v. 纵容

　　Eg: She indulges her only son.

　　■pneumatic adj. 气动的

　　■drill n. 钻

　　■silly adj. 无意义的，无聊的

　　foolish 强调愚蠢的，笨的，不明智的

　　Eg: I remonstrated him not to do anything foolish.

　　silly 无意义的， 无聊的，无知的

　　Eg: Being called silly is not compliment.

　　Don’t play such a silly hoax.

　　stupid 人及言行缺乏良好的判断力，天生的迟钝

　　Eg: His son is as stupid as all.

　　dull 迟钝的

　　Eg: the old man’s hearing has become dull.

　　She is a dull girl.

　　■advance adj. 预先的，事先获得的

　　advance information / in advance

　　■archway n. 拱形门楼

　　■remonstrate v. 规劝，告诫

　　remonstrate sb to do sth 规劝某人做某事

　　■ironically adv. 讽刺地

　　■permission n. 许可

　　■grant v. 同意，准予

　　ask sb. for permission请求许可

　　give / grant sb. permission 准予许可

　　【Text】

　　§ Lesson 40 Who’s who 真假难辨

　　Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

　　How did the policeman discover that the whole thing was a joke?

　　It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular 无效 of practical joke: the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.

　　When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.

　　The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them lost his temper. He threatened to call the police. At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.

　　参考译文

　　谁也弄不清为什么大学生好像比任何人都更喜欢恶作剧。大学生擅长一种特殊的恶作剧——戏弄人。请消防队来扑灭一场根本没有的大火是一种低级骗局，有自尊心的大学生决不会去做。大学生们常常做的是制造一种可笑的局面，使大家笑上一场，当然受害者是笑不出来的。

　　最近有个学生看见两个工人在学校门外用风钻干活，马上打电话报告警察，说有两个学生装扮成工人，正在用风钻破坏路面。挂上电话后，他又马上来到工人那儿，告诉他们若有个警察来让他们走开，不要把他当回事，还对工人说，有个学生常装扮成警察无聊地同别人开玩笑。警察与工人都对那个学生事先通报情况表示感谢。

　　那个学生躲在附近一拱形的门廊里，在那儿可以看见、听到现场发生的一切。果然，警察来了，不礼貌地请工人离开此地;但其中一个工人粗鲁地回了几句。于是警察威胁要强行使他们离开。工人说，悉听尊便。警察去打电话叫人。一会儿工夫，又来了4个警察，规劝工人离开。由于工人拒绝停下手中的活，警察想夺风钻。两个工人奋力抗争，其中一个发了火，威胁说要去叫警察。警察听后讥讽地说，这大可不必，因为他俩已被逮捕了。其中一个工人装模作样地问道，在被带往警察局之前，是否可以打一个电话。警察同意了，陪他来到一个投币地电话前，当他看到那个工人真的是给警察挂电话，才恍然大悟，原来他们都成一场骗局的受害者。

　　【课文讲解】

　　Key structure

　　背熟1：It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else.

　　Eg: It has never been explained why he seems to enjoy doing it.

　　specialize in. 专门研究

　　Eg: He specialized in biology after graduation.

　　背熟2： Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in.

　　except the victims / but the victims

　　tear up==destroy

　　take sb seriously 严肃对待

　　be to do 结构含义：

　　1. should

　　Eg: Such a private thing should be avoided.

　　Such a private thing is to be avoided

　　2. must

　　Eg: No students must leave school without the permission of the police.

　　No students are to leave school without the permission of the police.

　　3. intend 意图，打算

　　Eg: We intend to start work next week.

　　We are to start work next week.

　　L40-01 end 18’45”

　　L40-02 begin 10’19”

　　背熟4：Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.

　　be grateful to sb. for sth.

　　that went on==that happened

　　背熟5：he threatened to remove them by force.

　　背熟6: The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help.

　　as he pleased 随他的意愿做

　　four more==another four

　　as this 听到

　　At the words,he got angry.

　　With the words, he left the room angrily.

　　背熟7：At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest.

　　pointed out ironically 讽刺地指出

　　hardly be necessary 大可不必

　　under 与名词搭配表示一种被动的概念

　　under discussion / arrest / repair

　　背熟8：Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station.

　　make a telephone call 打一个电话

　　背熟9：Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone.

　　only 引导的时间状语从句或介词短语，以及条件状语从句在句首时，句子要倒装。

　　【Multiple choice questions】

　　Comprehension

　　1 A good hoax is a joke which depends on _____ .

　　a. deceiving people into behaving in a way which amuses everyone but themselves

　　b. doing something like calling the fire bridge to a nonexistent fire

　　c. at least two parties being led to believe the other is fraudulent

　　d. people disguising themselves to look like other people

　　deceive sb. into doing sth.

　　2 When the policeman first arrived outside the university _____ .

　　a. the student hid in an archway to see what happened next

　　b. he told the workmen if they disobeyedhim he would call four policemen

　　c. the workmen refused to take his request that they should move seriously

　　d. he was polite to the workmen as he had expected them to be students

　　They didn’t take the police seriously

　　3 When did it become clear to the police that the workmen were not students?

　　a. when one of the workmen angrily said he was going to call the police.

　　b. Not until one of the workmen asked if he could telephone the police.

　　c. When the policeman saw whom the workman was ringing from the pay phone.

　　d. Only after they had arrested the workmen and taken them to the station.

　　下面几题未讲

　　Structure

　　4 ---- Why students seem _____ practical jokes than anyone else. (ll.1-2)

　　a. entertained by more b. to have been entertained more by

　　c. more to be entertainedby d. to be more entertained by

　　5 ---- and told them that _____ order them to go away they were not to take them seriously. (ll.10-11)

　　a. should the police b. the police might c. if the policeman did d. was a policeman to

　　6 ---- were grateful to the student for _____ in advance. (l.12)

　　a. they had been informed this b. having informed them this

　　c. being informed of this d. informing them of this

　　7 The workmen told him to do _____ … (ll.15-16)

　　a. as it pleased him b. how he pleased c. as he pleased d. that pleased him

　　8 Only then _____ that it had been a trick. (ll.22-23)

　　a. he realized b. he understood c. did he realize d. he did realize

　　Vocabulary

　　9 ---- a student had dressedup as a policeman and was amusing himself _____ .(ll.1-12)

　　a. by joking with peole b. at other people’s exense c. by making fun of people d. to other people’s surprise

　　10 when he received a very _____ from one of the workmen … (ll.14-15)

　　a. impolite retort b. harsh response c. rough report d. sharp return

　　11 Four more policemen arrived to protest _____ the workmen’s behaviour. (ll.16-17)

　　a. with b. for c. to d. against

　　12 The police attempted to _____ the pneumatic drill. (ll.17-18)

　　a. get hold of b. keep hold of c. hold back d. hold on to

　　【Key to Multiple choice questions】

　　1. A 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. A

　　L40-02 8’14” [ Lesson 40 21:36 ]

　　( L41-01 begin 10’14” )

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