新概念英语第四册全篇对照：Exploring the sea-floor

2025-01-15 08:07:00来源：网络

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　　Exploring the sea-floor

　　海底勘探

　　Our knowledge of the oceans a hundred years ago was confined to the

　　two-dimensional shape of the sea surface and the hazards of navigation presented

　　by the irregularities in depth of the shallow water close to the land. The open

　　sea was deep and mysterious, and anyone who gave more than a passing thought to

　　the bottom confines of the oceans probably assumed that the sea bed was flat.

　　Sir James Clark Ross had obtained a sounding of over 2,400 fathoms in 1839, but

　　it was not until 1869, when H.M.S. Porcupine was put at the disposal of the

　　Royal Society for several cruises, that a series of deep soundings was obtained

　　in the Atlantic and the first samples were collected by dredging the bottom.

　　Shortly after this the famous H. M. S. Challenger expedition established the

　　study of the sea-floor as a subject worthy of the most qualified physicists and

　　geologists. A burst of activity associated with the laying of submarine cables

　　soon confirmed the challenger's observation that many parts of the ocean were

　　two to three miles deep, and the existence of underwater features of

　　considerable magnitude.

　　100年前，我们只知道海洋是二维平面形的，以及靠近陆地浅水区的深浅不一能给航行带来危险。无边无际的海洋深邃而又神秘，凡是稍稍想过大海海底的人大概都会认为海底是平坦的。1839年，詹姆斯.克拉克.罗斯爵士曾测得海水深度超过2,400英寻;但直到1869年，皇家学会用英国“豪猪”号舰艇进行了几次巡航后，才在大西洋测得一个海水深度，同时能过挖掘海底，取得了研究海底的首批样品。此后不久，英国著名的“挑战者”号舰艇对海底的那次考察，把对海床的研究确立为一个值得一流物理学家和地质学家从事的研究课题，铺设海底电缆的热潮很快证实了“挑战者”号的观察结果：海洋中很多地方可深达两三英里，水下特征差异极大。

　　New words and expressions 生词与短语

　　navigation

　　n. 航海

　　sounding

　　n. 水深度

　　fathom

　　n. 寻(1寻等于1.8米)

　　porcupine

　　n. 箭猪

　　dredge

　　v. 挖掘

　　expedition