新概念英语第四册重要知识点：Pieces of Mind

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　　New words and expressions 生词短语

　　rouse vt.激起(情感词) \emotion\excitement 激动\anger 仇恨\love 爱

　　同义词 arouse 激发,flame\inflame 火焰,stir 搅拌

　　This film is really rousing.这片子真是让人激动。

　　▲intense a 强烈的 love/passion 热情/hatred/heat 酷暑/coldness 严寒/light/rays 强光

　　intensive reading 精读/extensive reading 范读

　　intensive farming 精耕细作/intensified training 强化训练

　　同义词：violent/ferment/fierce/vehement

　　aesthetic

　　主义者

　　a 审美的 aesthetics 审美学(a+s-名词，如 logic—logics)esthete 爱美者，唯美

　　realm n 世界 见 19 课

　　gleam n 光芒

　　见 10 课

　　dazzle vt 使眼花缭乱，头晕目眩

　　The fireworks dazzle me.那绽放的烟花使我头晕目眩

　　dazzling achivemeng 令人瞩目的成就

　　convey vt 传达，表达 information/meaning/knowledge

　　Teacher conveys knowledge to students.

　　同义词：transfer/transplant 移植/transmit/transpacific 横跨大西洋/pass over

　　pass!传

　　serenity n 静谧 adj serene

　　同义词：poetic/quice/peaceful(O)/placid/tranquil(w)/serene life

　　serene lake/face(安祥的脸)

　　readilyad 轻易地

　　The work is readily done.

　　The problem is readily solved.这个难题迎刃而解

　　同义词：smoothly/ painless

　　undeniable a 不可否认的

　　词源：否认 deny/可否认的 deniable

　　①deny sb.……sth.

　　He denies me admission.他不准我进去。

　　②deny oneself in sth.

　　I deny myself in drinking.我戒酒了

　　deny oneself 毫无疑问/question-questionable-unqusetionable

　　mistakable-unmistakble

　　indefinable a 不可名状的，无法下定义的(表程度高)

　　define 下定义

　　His kindness/hospitality is indefinable.他的热情真是难以表述。

　　难以描述的 undesctibable/express-expressible-inexpressible/biyond words

　　▲longingn 渴望,热望

　　long for a villa/long to have a ville 渴望一栋别墅

　　同义词：yearn-yearning for……/thirst/thirsty/hunger

　　※名词或动词类似，则其同义词用法类似

　　my hunger for books

　　vulgara 平庸的(来源于宗教，与 God 所住之 heaven 相对应)

　　vulgar place/vulgar world/vugar language(nasty)言语粗俗

　　同义词：earthly 反义词：heavenly/godly/celestial 星空的，高雅的

　　radiancen 发光

　　来源于 radio adj-radiant smile/radioactive 表辐射

　　wear a radiant face 红光满面

　　※：wear 可用于表穿、戴、涂抹、留(胡子、头发等)如 wear lipstick/whitening lotion 增白

　　蜜/beard

　　mysteries

　　n

　　神秘的事物 /mystic 见 19 课

　　intimation n 暗示

　　intimate v.告知，暗示 同义词：hint/suggestion/imlication

　　whimsyn 怪念头

　　whimsical adj.怪诞的见 27 课

　　▲in a word总而言之

　　同义词：in short/in brief(见)26 课/in a nutshell

　　▲interpret vt 阐明

　　I am an interpreter.(oral)/translator(written)

　　inter:between

　　如：international/interschool/interclass/interpersonal

　　trans- 表示“横过，贯穿”之义

　　interpret a role/play a role 扮演角色

　　▲unutterable a 不可言传的 同义词：indefinable

　　uttervt 说出，表达 adj 完全的

　　in utter exhaustion 完全疲劳状态(见 28 课)/utterance(oral)/sentence(written)

　　investvt赋予 m.investment同义词 endow v.

　　invest in 投资: He investen in china.

　　invest with 给予/invest sb. with courage

　　invest sb. with loving heart

　　The novel is invested with mystery.这部小说极具神秘色彩!

　　graspvt理解

　　beyong/within my grasp 无法/能理解

　　Grasp all and lose all. 贪多必失

　　He is very grasping.他太贪婪了。

　　Notes on the text 课文注释

　　A young man sees(与 concludes 并列) a sunset and, unable(做原因状语) to understand

　　orto express the emotion that it(sunset) rouses in him①, concludes that it must

　　be the gatewayto ②(通往……的门) a world that lies beyond(省略了 this

　　world).(下一句从特殊引至一般,from aindividual to the general) It is difficult for any of

　　us( 后边跟 to do sth. )in moments

　　of intense aesthetic experience ③to resist the suggestion(暗示) that(同位语从句)

　　we arecatching a glimpse(一瞥) of a light that shines down to④ us from a different

　　realm ofexistence=world), different((different 修饰 existence)and, because the

　　experience isintensely moving(双关语，touching/quickly), in some way higher( 更加壮丽).

　　And, though thegleams

　　blind(v.使……一片茫然), and dazzle, yet do(do 起强调作用) they convey a hint of beauty

　　andserenity greater than we have known or imagined. Greater too than we can

　　describe⑤, forlanguage, which was invented to convey the meanings of this

　　world(this world:our worle),cannot readily be fitted to the uses of another.

　　That all great art has this power of suggesting a world beyond is

　　undeniable. In some moodsNature shares it. There is no sky in June so blue that

　　it does not point forward to a bluer⑥, nosunset so beautiful that it does not

　　waken the vision(幻觉) of a greater beauty, a vision whichpasses before it is

　　fully glimpsed, and in passing(in passing 在流逝的过程中) leaves an

　　indefinable longing and regret. But, if this world is not merely a bad

　　joke⑦, life 省略了 is not)(a vulgar flare ⑧amid the cool(冷，冷漠) radiance of the

　　stars(宇宙间，意为上天), andexistence(=life)(省略了 is not) an empty laugh braying(donkey)

　　across the mysteries (意为上天); if these intimations(暗示，联想) of a something(a

　　something 指前边所联 想的东西，日落、蓝天) behind(inside/inside my heart,见文章第二句‘to express the

　　emotion that it rouses inhim’) and beyond(higher universe) are not evil humour

　　born of indigestion (born ofindigestion:come from misunderstangding，误解), or

　　whimsies sent by the devil(与 hell 相对，意指邪恶) to mock(joke，嘲笑) and madden us, if,

　　in a word, beauty means

　　something, yet we must not seek to(try to) interpret the meaning⑨. If we

　　glimpse theunutterable, it is unwise to try to utter it, nor should we seek to

　　invest with significance thatwhich we cannot grasp⑩. Beauty in terms of in terms

　　of 就……而言) our human meanings is(meaningless. ①What's your emotion when you see

　　the sun is rising radianly from the MountTai?

　　it is great!/beautifu!/it is really glamorous!

　　it is really beyond my words!

　　a glorious future behind him/ a glorious future in front of him(见 6 课)

　　②gateway to 通往……的门 To master English is a gateway to a rosy

　　future.(非常灿烂的未来)

　　③in moments of intense aesthetic experience 插入语=when we have the moments of

　　intenseaesthetic experience

　　④shines down to/above/high above

　　⑤Greater too than we can describe.无谓语句(exclamation)，表达一种惊叹.即美得语言难以描述。

　　如：How nice!

　　⑥此句暗示更好的未来。结构上双重否定等于肯定 There is sky in June so blur than it does

　　point forward to a bluer .六月总有一种蓝天能使你联想到更湛蓝的天空。

　　如：There is no man in the world so nice that he does not deserve any

　　praise.

　　There is no man in the worle so vicious that he dose not deserve any

　　abuse.

　　He is rotten to the core,so I hate him to death.他坏到心肠了，我恨死他了。to death

　　表一种状态。

　　I love him to death.我爱死他了

　　I am hungry to am angry to death.

　　⑦a bad joke

　　一个拙劣的玩笑，此句意为人生充满不幸(misfortune/Happiness/laughter)，西方宗教中上帝认为人是罪恶的，所以要惩罚人类，即理解为文中

　　bad joke。

　　⑧vulgar flare 平庸的一闪，flare:short in passing;vulgar:fruitless

　　⑨前面 4 句分句引出文中主题句-yet we must not seek to interpret the meaning.

　　⑩invest sth.(that which we cannot grasp) with significance，倒装句，宾语较长放在后，

　　此文章为哲学家所写，比较难，而科学类文章相对简单。(philosopher/scientist)

　　作者：C.E.M.JOAD(1891-1953) Britisher/Meaning of life/God and Evil

　　sculpture

　　文中图片为著名雕塑家 Hogarth 的自画像。The Line of Beauty 线条的美，在当时其作品被评为粗暴、低俗(vulgar and

　　inferior)。其最擅长于勾画眼睛。

　　文章要求背诵，至少读 10 次，领悟其内涵。

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