新概念英语第三册课文精析Lesson25 The Cutty Sark “卡”

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　　一、【Text】课文

　　One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greenwich. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England. This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.

　　The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship, for there was danger that if she travelled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead. After crossing the equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted, but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.

　　二、【New words and expressions】生词和短语

　　●impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的

　　●steamship n. 蒸汽轮船

　　●vessel n. 轮船，大木船

　　●era n. 时期，时代

　　●Java n. 爪哇(印度尼西亚一岛)

　　●rudder n. 舵

　　●roll v. 颠簸，摇摆

　　●steer v. 掌握方向

　　●temporary adj. 临时的

　　●plank n. 大块木板

　　●fit v. 安装

　　●Equator n. 赤道

　　●delay n. 耽误

　　■impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的

　　This is a impressive thing.

　　impression n. 印象

　　make a lasting impression on sb: 给某人以不可磨灭的印象

　　have a false impression of sb: 对某人有错误的看法

　　give sb impression that: 给某人印象

　　impress vt.

　　impress sb. 给某人留下印象

　　impress sb with sth 用…给某人留下印象

　　■steamship n. 蒸汽轮船

　　■vessel n. 轮船，大木船

　　vessel(正式的词汇)可代替ship,boat. 用于文学体

　　a sailing vessel, a fishing vessel

　　boat 比ship小，可以替换ship(非正式文体)

　　a fishing boat

　　■era n. 时期，时代

　　era: “纪元”， 地球、人类社会历史上的一个很长的时期，以特别事物或发展为标志

　　the beginning of new era

　　the end of old era

　　times:历史上的一个阶段”时代，时期”

　　in ancient times

　　in classic times

　　Roman times

　　age: 特定的历史阶段(大写，构成专有名词)

　　a stone age 石器时代

　　the space age 太空时代

　　This is a beganning of era

　　■Java n. 爪哇(印度尼西亚一岛)

　　■rudder n. 舵

　　■roll v. 颠簸，摇摆

　　■steer v. 掌握方向

　　steer: 驾驶水路交通工具，强调掌握方向，导航

　　drive: 开汽车，火车

　　pilot: 操纵轮船，飞机

　　He steers the boat suddenly.

　　He piloted his plane.

　　■temporary adj. 临时的

　　temporary jobs / house

　　temporarily adv.

　　temporariness n.

　　==transient:短暂的，瞬间的

　　反义：permanent: 永久的

　　contemporary: 当代 的

　　■plank n. 大块木板

　　■fit v. 安装

　　■Equator n. 赤道

　　■delay n. 耽误

　　三、【课文精析】

　　one of the most famous ...最著名的......之一

　　Key sentence:

　　She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year.

　　dry land:陆地

　　Key sentence:

　　She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past.

　　serve as

　　=act as )“起…作用”

　　impressive reminder :深刻的印象，作为......的回忆

　　replace vt.==take place of

　　stemship:汽船

　　sailing ship /sailing vessel: 帆船

　　match

　　=be equal to )与......相匹敌，相比

　　match in / for

　　The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae.

　　动词不定式to作定语，修饰the only other ship

　　Key sentence:

　　Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England.

　　Key sentence:

　　This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.

　　which----指代this race, 引导非限定性定语从句

　　帆船：ships with sail, sailing ships, sailing vessels

　　marked the end of : 标志…的结束

　　Key sentence:

　　The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae,...

　　可改为：after the race had begun the first of the two ships to reach Java was the Thermopylae,...

　　take the lead: 处于领先地位==go into the lead

　　lose the lead: 失去领先地位

　　in the lead: 处于领先地位(状态)

　　take over the lead: 取得领先地位

　　Key sentence:

　　she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.

　　...was struck by a very heavy storm... 严重地遇到了雨/雪

　　be caught in the rian/snow 遇到了雨/雪

　　during 介词，用于关系代词which 之前，during the race, during the storm

　　torn away=destroyed , pull down

　　it became impossible to steer her (省略掉for captain)

　　there was a danger that+同位语从句 ……会有危险

　　the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted,

　　call in at: (船)停靠，(人)拜访

　　to=in order to, so as to “目的是”

　　have sth. done:

　　but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead.

　　by now=so far

　　at tremendous speed:以极快的速度

　　considering 连接词，用来引导完整的语句

　　considering that考虑到………

　　So we should forgive him considering that he is ill badly.

　　Key sentence:

　　There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.

　　There is no doubt that...==without any doubt “毫无疑问“

　　There is some doubt + wh- ...

　　Eg.: There is no doubt that he is guilty.

　　There is some doubt whether he is guilty.

　　if ----与过去事实相反的虚拟

　　If the Houses of Parliament had not been burned down in 1834, the great clock would never have been erected.

　　If you talked less and ate more, we would both enjoy our dinner.

　　take the lead

　　lose the lead

　　call in at

　　with great difficulty

　　at tremendous speed

　　It seemed certain that

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