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新概念第四册笔记第43课

2021-06-18 16:36:00来源：网络

　　新东方在线新概念小编为大家带来新概念第四册笔记第43课一文，希望对大家的新概念英语学习有所帮助。更多精彩尽请关注新东方在线新概念英语学习网(http://nce.koolearn.com )!

　　Lesson 43 Our Developing World我们发展中的世界

　　Faith in controlled nuclear fission is now being shown by the construction of atomic power

　　stations. In Britain, Calder Hall on the coast of Cumberland first made its contribution to the

　　National Electricity grid in 1957. Subsequently a chain of nuclear power stations was planned. Of

　　necessity they are sited near the coasts or tidal water because of the need of much water for cooling

　　and a certain discharge of possible radioactive effluent. Atomic power is associated in the public

　　mind with the destructive force of atom bombs and partly for this reason, though it is claimed that

　　there is no danger to be associated with atomic power stations, they are being sited away from

　　populous centres.

　　The present position is that the three main sources of power are coal, oil and water power. We

　　sometimes refer to electricity ,gas or petrol as if they were the actual source of power , forgetting

　　that electricity must be generated by the consumption of coal or oil or by the utilization of water

　　power, whilst coke,gas and petrol are examples of secondary fuels by which coal and oil may be

　　more effectively used.

　　Where alternative sources of power are available there are some marked contrasts in handling. The

　　bulk and weight of coal required in the majority of manufacturing industries is large in comparison

　　with the bulk and weight of other raw materials. This is not always true--was with the manufacture

　　of pig iron and steel from low-grade iron ores-- but it did lead to the concentration of industrial

　　developments on the coal-fields, a phenomenon well seen in such countries as Britain where the

　　Industrial Revolution came before the days of oil or electricity. Coal being a solid must be

　　distributed mainly by rail or water.

　　By way of contrast oil can be transported large distances by pipeline but overseas movement has

　　involved building of large numbers of tankers, including now some of the largest vessels afloat.

　　Unless suitable on other grounds oilfields have not become industrial regions; on the contrary the

　　oil industry is marked by a certain amount of smell and an element of danger, hence the siting of

　　refineries at a distance from population centres. It is not always realized that the owners of

　　pipelines can handle the oil of different customers, sending it through at different, periods.

　　Natural gas can also be transported large distances by pipe. Early in 1959 Britain received the

　　first ship cargo of natural gas----liquefied for the purpose of transport.

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