新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记Lesson52~54

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　　新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记Lesson52

　　【课文】

　　My cousin, Harry, keeps a large curiously-shaped bottle on permanent display in his study. Despite

　　the fact that the bottle is tinted a delicate shade of green, an observant visitor would soon notice

　　that it is filled with what looks like a thick, grayish substance. If you were to ask Harry what was in

　　the bottle, he would tell you that it contained perfumed mud. If you expressed doubt or surprise, he

　　would immediately invite you to smell it and then to rub some into your skin. This brief experiment

　　would dispel any further doubts you might have. The bottle really does contain perfumed mud. How Harry

　　came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an interesting story which he is fond of

　　relating. Furthermore, the acquisition of this bottle cured him of a bad habit he had been developing

　　for years.

　　Harry used to consider it a great joke to go into expensive cosmetic shops and make outrageous

　　requests for goods that do not exist. He would invent fanciful names on the spot. On entering a shop, he

　　would ask for a new perfume called 'Scented Shadow' or for 'insoluble bath cubes'. If a shop assistant

　　told him she had not heard of it, he would pretend to be considerably put out. He loved to be told that

　　one of his imaginary products was temporarily out of stock and he would faithfully promise to call again

　　at some future date, but of course he never did. How Harry managed to keep a straight face during these

　　performances is quite beyond me.

　　Harry does not need to be prompted to explain how he bought his precious bottle of mud. One day, he

　　went to an exclusive shop in London and asked for 'Myrolite', the shop assistant looked puzzled and

　　Harry repeated the word, slowly stressing each syllable. When the woman shook her head in bewilderment,

　　Harry went on to explain that 'myrolite' was a hard, amber-like substance which could be used to remove

　　freckles. This explanation evidently conveyed something to the woman who searched shelf after shelf. She

　　produced all sorts of weird concoctions, but none of them met with Harry's requirements. When Harry put

　　on his act of being mildly annoyed, the assistant promised to order some for him. Intoxicated by his

　　success, Harry then asked for perfumed mud. He expected the assistant to look at him in blank

　　astonishment. However, it was his turn to be surprised, for the woman's eyes immediately lit up and she

　　fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect. For once, Harry had to

　　admit defeat. He picked up what seemed to be the smallest bottle and discreetly asked the price. He was

　　glad to get away with a mere twenty pounds and he beat a hasty retreat, clutching the precious bottle

　　under his arm. From then on, Harry decided that this little game he had invented might prove to be

　　expensive. The curious bottle, which now adorns the bookcase in his study, was his first and last

　　purchase of rare cosmetics.

　　【课文翻译】

　　我的堂兄哈里在他的书房里一直摆着一只形状古怪的大瓶子。尽管那只瓶子呈淡绿色，但细心的客人很快就会发现

　　瓶里装的是一种看上去黏稠，颜色发灰的东西。要是你问哈里瓶里装着什么，他会告诉你是香水泥。如果你表示怀疑或

　　惊奇，他会立即请你闻一闻，然后取出一些抹在你的皮肤上。这一简单的试验会消除你可能存有的一切疑虑。瓶里装的

　　的确是香水泥。哈里如何得到这种稀奇古怪的东西的，这里有个有趣的故事，而且他挺爱把它讲给别人听。此外，得到

　　这瓶香水泥还治好了他多年的一个坏习惯。

　　哈里曾认为走进一家名贵化妆品商店，荒唐地提出要买一种根本不存在的商品是件开心的事儿。他会当场编造出一

　　些稀奇古怪的货名。他走进商店后，会提出要一种名叫“香影”的新型香水或什么“不溶浴皂”。要是女售货员告诉他

　　从未听说过这些东西，他会装出十分遗憾和不安的样子。他爱听售货员说他想像出来的那种东西暂时脱销，于是他就煞

　　有介事地许诺改天再来光顾。当然，他再也不会来了。我实在想像不出哈里在这些表演中是怎样装出一本正经的样子的

　　。

　　毋须暗示哈里就会向你讲起他买下那瓶珍贵香水泥的经过。一天，他去伦敦一家高级商店要买一种叫“密诺莱特”

　　的东西，店员露出诧异的神色。哈里又慢慢地，一字一顿说了一遍这个词，那个女售货员还是迷惑不解地摇了摇头。哈

　　里便进一步解释“密诺莱特”是一种质地坚硬、状似琥珀的东西，可以用来除去雀斑。他的解释显然对女售货员有些启

　　示。她一个货架接着一个货架地寻找，拿出各种各样稀奇古怪的化妆品，但没有一样能够符合哈里的要求。哈里装出不

　　高兴的样子时，女售货员答应为他定货。哈里为他的骗术而感到洋洋得意，又提出要买香水泥。他原想女售货员会惊奇

　　地望着他，不知所措，没料到这回该轮到他自己吃惊了。因为那女售货员听完哈里的话后，马上眼睛一亮，拿出几瓶东

　　西放在柜台上让哈里挑选。哈里只好认输。他挑出一个看上去最小的瓶子，谨慎地问了价。他庆幸自己只破费了20英镑

　　便得以脱身。他把那宝贵的瓶子放在腋下夹着，溜之大吉。从那以后，他认识到自己发明的小小恶作剧是要付出很大的

　　代价的。在他书房的书柜里摆着那瓶形状古怪的香水泥就是他第一次也是最后一次购买的稀有化妆品。

　　【词汇】

　　permanent adj. 永久的

　　tint v. 给……染色

　　delicate adj. 淡色的

　　shade n. 色度

　　observant adj. 观察力敏锐的

　　greyish adj. 浅灰色的

　　dispel v. 驱散，消除

　　outlandish adj. 稀奇古怪的

　　acquisition n. 获得

　　cosmetic n. 化妆品

　　outrageous adj. 无理的，令人不能容忍的

　　fanciful adj. 想像出来的

　　insoluble adj. 不可溶解的

　　prompt v. 敦促，激励

　　exclusive adj. 专售高档商品的

　　syllable n. 音节

　　bewilderment n. 迷惑，糊涂

　　freckle n. 雀斑

　　evidently adv. 显然的，明显地

　　weird adj. 奇异的，古怪的

　　concoction n. 调制品

　　intoxicate v. 陶醉，得意忘形

　　blank adj. 无表情的，茫然的

　　discreetly adv. 谨慎地

　　clutch v. 抓住

　　adorn v. 装饰，打扮

　　新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记Lesson53

　　【课文】

　　The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social

　　policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed

　　or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other

　　countries too.

　　The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers,

　　health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are

　　serving the public. As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the

　　interest of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a

　　person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State. The official title

　　of the person is 'Justiteombudsman', but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the 'J.O.' or 'Ombudsman'.

　　The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates complaints large and small that come

　　to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an

　　average of 1,200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and examines every single

　　letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman's work, for his correspondence is open

　　to public inspection. If a citizen's complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The

　　action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official or

　　even suggest to parliament that a law be altered. The following case is a typical example of the

　　Ombudsman's work.

　　A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-

　　treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner. The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief

　　of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case. There was nothing in the record to

　　show that the foreigner's complaint was justified and the Chief of Police strongly denied the

　　accusation. It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint

　　from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his lawyers to investigate the

　　matter. The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several

　　occasions. The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in the

　　official files. It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by sending one of his

　　representatives to check the facts. The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed

　　that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted. The Ombudsman's prompt

　　action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.

　　【课文翻译】

　　斯堪的纳维亚半岛各国实行开明的社会政策，受到全世界的推崇。在瑞典，已逐渐形成了一种完善的制度以保护每

　　个公民不受专横的和不称职的政府官员的欺压。由于这种制度行之有效，已被其他国家采纳。

　　是瑞典人首先认识到政府工作人员如文职人员、警官、卫生稽查员、税务人员等等也会犯错误或者自以为在为公众

　　服务而把事情做过了头。早在1809年，瑞典论会就建立一个保护公民利益的制度。议会内有一个代表各政党利益的委员

　　会，由它委派一位称职的人选专门调查个人对国家的意见。此人官衔为“司法特派员”，但瑞典人一般管他叫“J.O.”

　　，即“司法特派员”。司法特派员不受任何政治压力的制约。他听取社会各阶层的各种大小意见，并进行调查。由于意

　　见均需用书面形式提出，司法特派员每年平均收到1,200封信。他有8位律师作他的助手协助工作，每封信都详细批阅。

　　司法特派员的工作没有什么秘密可言，他的信件是公开的，供公众监督。如果公民的意见正确，司法特派员便为他伸张

　　正义。司法特员采取的行动因意见的性质不同而有所不同。他可以善意地批评某位官员，也可以甚至向议会提议修改某

　　项法律。下述事件是司法特派员工作的一个典型例子。

　　一个住在瑞典乡村的外国人写信给司法特派员，抱怨说他受到警察的虐待，原因就是因为他是个外国人。司法特派

　　员立即写信给当地警察局长，请他寄送与此事有关的材料。材料中没有任何文字记载证明外国人所说的情况符合事实，

　　警察局长矢口否认这一指控。司法特派员难以处理。但是，当他又收到住在同一村庄的另一个外国人写的一封内容类似

　　的投诉信时，他立即派出一位律师前去调查。律师证实有个警察确实多次粗鲁地对待外国人。警察歧视外国人的事在官

　　方档案中不可能加以记载，司法特派员只有派他的代表去核对事实才能了解真相。当事的警察受到严厉的斥责，并被告

　　知，如果再有人投诉他，他将受到起诉。司法特派员及时采取的行动，迅速制止了这一起不愉快的事件，不然这件事可

　　能因未得到人们注意而不了了之。

　　【词汇】

　　evolve v. 逐渐形成

　　high-handed adj. 高压的，专横的

　　incompetent adj. 不够格的，不称职的

　　over-zealously adv. 过分热情地

　　safeguard v. 保护

　　parliamentary adj. 国会的

　　qalified adj. 合格的

　　grievance n. 不平，冤屈

　　Justiteombudsman n. (瑞典的)司法特派员

　　ombudsman n. (瑞典和英国的)司法特派员

　　secretive adj. 保密的

　　correspondence n. 来往信件

　　alter v. 改变

　　accusation n. 谴责，指控

　　ascertain v. 查出，查明

　　prejudiced adj. 有偏见的，不公平的

　　prompt adj. 即时的

　　新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记Lesson54

　　【课文】

　　We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm

　　than good. We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our

　　crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or

　　beat against our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps,

　　but of quite harmless one like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling

　　our fears. Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent

　　us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared

　　picnic lunch. No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of

　　direction which bees possess, we have a horror of being stung. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but

　　they are impossible to erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating. We enjoy

　　reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible

　　lives. We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our

　　presence. Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants

　　triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle?

　　Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize

　　peach tree. The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house. I am especially

　　proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally

　　produces luscious peaches. During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to

　　wither. Clusters of tiny insects called aphids were to be found on the underside of the leaves. They

　　were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them. I immediately embarked

　　on an experiment which, even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four

　　hours. I bound the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it impossible for the ants to reach the

　　aphids. The tape was so stick that they did not dare to cross it. For a long time. I watched them

　　scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment. I even went out at midnight with a torch and

　　noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without

　　being able to do anything about it. I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given

　　up in despair. Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route. They were climbing up the wall of

　　the house and then on to the leaves of the tree. I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by

　　their ingenuity. The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!

　　【课文翻译】

　　我们自幼就在对昆虫的惧怕中长大。我们把昆虫当作害多益少的无用东西。人类不断同昆虫斗争，因为昆虫弄脏我

　　们的食物，传播疾病，吞噬庄稼。它们无缘无故地又叮又咬;夏天的晚上，它们未经邀请便飞到我们房间里，或者对着

　　露出亮光的窗户乱扑乱撞。我们在日常生活中，不但憎恶如蜘蛛、黄蜂之类令人讨厌的昆虫，而且憎恶并无大害的飞蛾

　　等。阅读有关昆虫的书能增加我们对它们的了解，却不能消除我们的恐惧的心理。即使知道勤奋的蚂蚁生活具有高度组

　　织性的社会里，当看到大群蚂蚁在我们精心准备的午间野餐上爬行时，我们也无法抑制对它们的反感。不管我们多么爱

　　吃蜂蜜，或读过多少关于蜜蜂具有神秘的识别方向的灵感的书，我们仍然十分害怕被蜂蜇。我们的恐惧大部分是没有道

　　理的，但去无法消除。同时，不知为什么昆虫又是迷人的。我们喜欢看有关昆虫的书，尤其是当我们了解螳螂等过着一

　　种令人生畏的生活时，就更加爱读有关昆虫的书了。我们喜欢入迷地看它们做事，它们不知道(但愿如此)我们就在它们

　　身边。当看到蜘蛛扑向一只苍蝇时，一队蚂蚁抬着一只巨大的死甲虫凯旋归时，谁能不感到敬畏呢?

　　去年夏天，我花了好几天时间站在花园里观察成千只蚂蚁爬上我那棵心爱的桃树的树干。那棵树是靠着房子有遮挡

　　的一面暖墙生长的。我为这棵树感到特别自豪，不仅因为它度过了几个寒冬终于活了下来，而且还因为它有时结出些甘

　　甜的桃子来。到了夏天，我发现树叶开始枯萎，结果在树叶背面找到成串的叫作蚜虫小虫子。蚜虫遭到一窝蚂蚁的攻击

　　，蚂蚁从它们身上可以获得一种蜜。我当即动手作了一项试验，这项试验尽管没有使我摆脱这些蚂蚁，却使我着迷了24

　　小时。我用一条胶带把桃树底部包上，不让蚂蚁接近蚜虫。胶带极粘，蚂蚁不敢从上面爬过。在很长一段时间里，我看

　　见蚂蚁围着大树底部来回转悠，不知所措。半夜，我还拿着电筒来到花园里，满意地(同时惊奇地)发现那些蚂蚁还围着

　　胶带团团转。无能为力。第二天早上，我起床后希望看见蚂蚁已因无望而放弃了尝试，结果却发现它们又找到一条新的

　　路径。它们正在顺着房子的外墙往上爬，然后爬上树叶。我懊丧地感到败在了足智多谋的蚂蚁的手下。蚂蚁已很快找到

　　了相应的对策，来对付我那套完全不科学的办法!

　　【词汇】

　　insect n. 昆虫

　　wage v. 进行(斗争)

　　contaminate v. 弄脏

　　provocation n. 惹怒

　　spider n. 蜘蛛

　　wasp n. 黄蜂

　　moth n. 飞蛾

　　ant n. 蚂蚁

　　revulsion n. 厌恶

　　horde n. 群

　　uncanny adj. 神秘的，不可思议的

　　erase v. 擦，抹去

　　praying mantis 螳螂

　　entranced adj. 出神的

　　beetle n. 甲虫

　　sheltered adj. 伤不着的，无危险的

　　luscious adj. 甘美的

　　cluster n. 一簇

　　aphid n. 蚜虫

　　underside n. 底面，下侧

　　colony n. 一群

　　sticky adj. 粘的

　　scurry v. 小步跑

　　swarm v. 聚集

　　ingenuity n. 机灵

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