新概念英语第三册语法解析:分词

2018-08-17 16:08:00来源:网络

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  分词有现在分词(ing)和过去分词(ed)两大类,是英语学习中非常重要的一环,许多学生在阅读时读不懂的长难句大都有分词的影子,而在高级写作中,如果掌握了分词的正确用法,也会为你的写作增添光彩。其实,分词的主要功能是代替了定语从句和状语从句,使的句子更加简化,凝练。

  通常来讲,无论是状语从句还是定语从句,如果里面的谓语是主动形式,则转化为现在分词 (ing),谓语是被动形式则转化为过去分词(ed),而现在分词主要分为doing/having done两种,过去分词主要分为done /having been done两种

  L1:for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. (given 作后置定语,修饰description,表示“人们提供的描述”)

  The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat'. (picking 作后置定语,修饰woman,表示“正在采摘黑莓的女士”)

  L2:Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, (looking作状语,修饰主句中的动词saw,表示伴随状态)

  Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. (Armed作状语,由于be armed with形式所以采用过去分词,在句中作状语,修饰went up,表示伴随)

  L8: St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. (crossing 在这里作后置定语,修饰travellers,表示“穿越关隘的游客”)

  L11:even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase.(hidden作后置定语,修饰)

  L13:Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the small storeroom under the stairs. (wanting的否定形式在这里作目的状语)

  L22:Then, squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me'.(squinting作伴随状语)

  L24: Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George.(dropping作伴随状语,说明和dash这个动作同时发生,突出当时的恐惧之情)

  关于分词的用法,新概念三册随处可见这样的例子,上面列举的句子也只是新三的皮毛而已,如果同学们对分词的用法感兴趣,或者想要把它牢牢掌握,可以找出新三中其他带有分词的句子逐一分析,相信一定会大有收获。

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